BEYOND THE FLYLEAF The Recovery of Vapors. Clark Shove Robinson. 273 pages. Reinhold Pub lishing Corp., 330 W. 42nd St., New York, Ν. Υ., 1942. Price, $4.75. T H I S is a revised edition of a book en titled "The Recovery of Volatile Sol
condensation, compression, and cooling are reviewed and illustrated by numerous examples. Various processes of recovery, descriptions of apparatus commonly used, and certain of the factors important in the design of equipment are discussed briefly. The text contains much of the original edition without revision. The only completely new chapter, in addition to the "Introduction", is the one on "Commercial Activated Carbon Systems". As acknowledged in the preface, excessive space has been devoted to many of the older methods for recovering solvents which have since been rendered obsolete. The author's justification for this is that "a description of the early art helps to explain present practice". This book cannot be considered a reference book or treatise on the subject of solvent recovery and hence has little value for the expert in the field. Its merit lies rather in affording the beginner in the field a basic course of study for grasping the fundamental theory of the various processes of solvent recovery.
vents", published by the same author in 1922, and presents the basic theory and the fundamental practices involved in the recovery of industrial solvents and vapors. Classical elementary principles of chemi cal engineering and underlying basic theory as related to adsorption, scrubbing.
The MULTICLONE is Versatile
A. B . J A P S ••yi9
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^p
Ultraviolet Hanovia Co. 24 Newark,
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Because of it» patented vane construction. Mwltit lorn* Colin-ton» permit a variety of gas inlet and outlet design.-» to meet practically all space requirements. The Multiclone ran be provided with sitle inlet and side outlet—or with side inlet and top outlet, or where necessary with top inlet and side outlet. This versatility is of great importance especially where space is a major consideration in either old or new plants or where additions are necessary.
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CORPORATION Main Office»: 1014 W. NINTH ST. - LOS ANGELES. CALIF. NEW YORK: CHRYSLER BLDG. · CHICAGO: 140 S. DEARBORN ST. SAN FRANCISCO: HOBART BUILDING
I HIS booklet describes in a very brief manner a number of applications of ultraviolet light in science and in industry, principally those resulting from the production of fluorescence in different substances. After a brief historical introduction there is an equally brief discussion of the effects of ultraviolet radiation in the promotion of fluorescence and chemical action, in the enhancement of the potency of vitamins, and in bactericidal action. Various lamps and lamp units manufactured by the Hanovia company are described including the hydrogen discharge lamp and the mercury arc lamps. Some .specific uses of the quartz mercury arc lamp in the analysis of substances by examining the fluorescent light produced are described and the techniques employed are given. Other applications of ultraviolet light in museum and libraries, for crime detection, in various industries, and in physical, chemical, and biochemical research are mentioned briefly. Among those more completely CONTINUED ON PAGE 1260
PRECIPITATION COMPANY OF CANADA, LTD. · DOMINION SQUARE BUUDING. MONTREAL
1258
CHEMICAL
in Science and Industry. Chemical and Manufacturing pages. Alpine Press, Inc., N. J., 1942. Price, 50 cents.
AND
ENGINEERING
NEWS
EVERY DRAINAGE CHANNEL
Every Plate has t h a t EXTRA C A P A C I T Y
T
H E faster the flow of filtrate down the drainage member, the more quickly room is made for additional filtrate coming through the cloth. A n y t h i n g , therefore, which aids in the flow helps to increase the capacity of the filter. F - M FREEFLOW Filter Plates, with their tapered drainage members, certainly help. There's no tendency for filtrate to back up because the channel can handle all that flows i n . It is like a river with its ever-deepening b e d . Flow from tributary streams is taken in stride. F - M FREEFLOW Filter Plates are made to fit all standard filter presses. Construction is oF different woods and of Bakélite. In writing for further details, tell us fully about your problem so that we can make intelligent recommendations.
FILTER M E D I A C O R P O R A T I O N Specialists in FilUr Cloth for Industrial Irvington-on-Hudson, Ν . Υ .
Chicago
V O L U M E
2 0,
NO.
19» «OCTOBER
10,
1942
Filtration Salt Lake City
1259
Beyond the Flyleaf C O N T I N U E D FROM PAGE 1 2 5 8
described are the identification of various fats and oils in foods and as adulterants in foods. The detection of other types of adulterants is likewise mentioned. The discovery of stains, blood spots, poisons, substitute dyes and paints in works of art and in clothing or in body cavities is discussed. The advantage in the use of fluorescence in the study of details of fossils is pointed out. Brief accounts are given of various techniques in the use of ultraviolet light and some accessory equipment is listed. The style is semi-technical and in parts reads very much like a catalog or descriptive bulletin issued by a manu facturer. It can be read with profit by nontechnical persons. A number of errors appear, a few typo graphical, and, more to be regretted, some errors in usage. On page 4 appears a statement, "current is applied", which does violence to the sensibilities of a physicist. A similar statement appears on page 5 in "wattage consumed". On page 4 the text reads, "the quartz mer cury arc primary spectrum is not con
tinuous but is a strong band spectrum consisting of a series of lines". The term "band spectrum" has a very de finite meaning in physics and applies t o the spectra of diatomic or multiatomic molecules and not to a spectrum like that of the quartz mercury arc which is called by physicists a line spectrum in counterdistinction to a band spectrum. The chief value of the booklet lies in its listing and brief description of the uses of ultraviolet radiation in science and industry. More extensive works must be consulted for details. O. S .
DUFFENDACK
Metallurgy of Copper. Joseph Newton and Curtis L. Wilson. 518 pages. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., 440 Fourth Ave., New York, Ν. Υ., 1942. Price, $6.00. I T HAS been 18 years since either a new edition or a new textbook has appeared on copper metallurgy. This book is in the main a compilation of the American literature during the past 15 years. How ever, the authors have done well in com bining the theoretical description of the various processes used in the smelting and refining of copper with examples of
modern practice s o that the book gives an easily readable and well-connected description of the metallurgy of copper of today. In doing this the authors have drawn heavily on the "Copper Volume" Volume 106 (1933) of the American I n stitute of Mining and Metallurgical Engi neers, there being no less than 130 ref erences to that volume. Since most of the references are within the last 10 years, the book is free from antiquated and historical processes, but as a result many familiar names and processes are missing. In addition to the metallurgy of copper about one quarter of the book is a com pilation of the properties and uses of copper and the economics of the copper industry, both in this country and abroad. Consequently the book gives a compre hensive view of the copper industry as a whole which will be of value not only t o students but also to those interested in the copper industry. The authors have been unfortunate in selecting an old table of the electrode potential of the metals, and the noble metals are given as negative to hydrogen, whereas the modern concept of electro chemistry considers these metals as positive to hydrogen. It is confusing, particularly to students, to have these signs vary in the different textbooks. S. SKOWRONSKI
-^:. Magnesium Plant Begins Production
What is the r
MOST IMPORTANT PROPERTY of Glass for Laboratory Use? ..•^*^ώ·-.^.:' ..
4&
.••g*.,oar3
l i i . x s s HAS MANY pROPKivriKS. Karh is impor is also suitable for Roron determinations. tant. And eaeh can readily be enhanced in " \ your" brand 9 6 % Silica Class N o . 7 9 0 is a glass formulae further example, specially developed for high Success ia t h e manufacture of a n y labora tempérai ure reactions, rapid chemical a n a l y s e s tory jrlass d o e s not rest upon a particular or exceptionally accurate work, with a linear property hut rather upon how successfully coefficient of expansion o f .0000008 per C C . that property is combined with all the other Kach of these glasses—and the m a n y more properties. developed through C o m i n g Research—emin 1°1.*> C o m i n p Research developed Pyrex phasizes C o m i n g ' s ability t o produce glass l o brand Chemical (ilass N o . 774. It w a s t h e n — meet a n y laboratory requirement. and still i s — t h e only balanced chemical glass. When careful analysis i s m a d e o f a n y comIn it, the essential pro per lies o f chemical parative t e s t d a t a — w h e n the true importance stability, mechanical strength and h e a t resist of any property is e v a l u a t e d — o n l y Pyrex ance were scientifically combined. N o one brand Laboratory Ware, fabricated from the property was enhanced at the expense balanced glass, c a n truly IN; called the of another. All were balanced for allall-around ware for all-around laboraSitffinftAtA/y around hit Moratory use. tory use. Rut Corning Research did not s t o p W h e n you buy laboratory ware, there. T h e need for special glasses for economize. Rcricfit from Balance. special uses w a s recognized. Through Standardize o n Pyrex brand Laboraout the years that followed. Corning tory Ware. Pyrex brand Ware a n d other scientists h a v e developed over 25,000 laboratory glassware, fabricated from different formulae. special glasses developed b y Corning Typical of such, is Corning brand Research, are available from your Alkali-Resistant Glass N o . 728 w h i c h laboratory s u p p l y dealer. "PYIŒX"
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I ^HB world's largest magnesium plant, Basic Magnesium, Inc., is the latest of five important magnesium plants to begin production in recent weeks. T h e others are the Dow Chemical Co. plant in Texas, the Ford Motor Company plant in Michigan, the Permanente Metals Corp. plant, in California and the New England Lime Co.'s Connecticut plant. All five plants were financed and are owned by the Government through the Defense Plant Corporation. The total cost approximates $175,000,000. All the new plants were completed in record time, ranging from ten months for the huge Basic Magnesium plant t o four months for the ferro-siiicon plants. Three more ferro-silicon plants are nearing com pletion and will commence operations later this year. Four additional electro lytic plants are under construction. Com pletion of the program will place the United States far in the lead of all other countries as a magnesium producer. Only small quantities were produced in this country before the war, with Germany as the world's leader.
by
Λ.
Y.
CHEMICAL
AND
ENGINEERING
NEWS
S E C O N D
E D I T I O N
Thoroughly
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CHEMICAL REFINING of P E T R O L E U M The Action of Various Refining Agents and Chemicals on Petroleum Products by VLADIMIR A . KALICHEVSKY Research and Development Laboratories, Socony-Vacuum Corpn. ; Author of **Modern Methods of Refining Lubricating Oils"
and BERT ALLEN STAGNER, P h . D . Consulting and Research Chemist; Member, American In stitute of Chemical Engineers; Formerly: Supervisor Chemi cal Research, Union Oil Company of California; Research Fellow, Mellon Institute of Industrial Research T h e rapid development of petroleum technology h a s necessi t a t e d a revision of t h e original volume published i n 1933. T h e newest practice in regard t o t r e a t m e n t with sulfuric acid, t e t r a e t h y l lead, octane r a t i n g , e t c . , is described i n detail. T h e present emphasis on all phases of this vitally i m p o r t a n t subject m a k e s this book a particularly timely one, especially since t h e petroleum problem today is r a t h e r one of refining capacity t h a n of crude production. For this reason technical improvements are of the u t m o s t i m p o r t a n c e for t h e pressing problems of national defense.
— CHAPTERS— Preface. Composition of Petroleum; Treat ment with Sulfuric Acid; Sulfuric Acid Sludge and Hydrogen Sulfide; Recovery and Manu facture of Sulfuric Acid; Treatment with Alkaline Reagents; Sweetening Operations, Elimination of Elemental Sulfur, and Reduc tion of Total Sulfur in Light Distillates; ReOning by Adsorption; Refining with Sol vents; Detonation and Antidetonants; Inlubitors of Atmospheric Oxidation of Petro leum Products. Antioxygens; Gums and Cracked Petroleum Products; Deterioration of Lubricating and Similar Oils. Addition Agents; Supplementary List of United States Patents on Petroleum Refining; Appendix; Special Tables; Patent, Author, and Subject Indexes.
A.C.S. Monograph N o . 63 · 550 Pages · Illustrated Many U.S. Patent References on Petroleum
· Price $7.50 Refining
Other REINHOLD Books PETROLEUM, FUELS AND LUBRICANTS T h e Recovery of Vapors, w i t h Special Reference t o Volatile Solvents — Second Edition, by C. S. Robinson. — Just Published $ 4.75 Anhydrous A l u m i n u m Chloride i n Organic C h e m i s t r y — by C. A. Thomas 15.00 C h e m i s t r y of P e t r o l e u m Derivatives — by Carleton Ellis Volume I 18.00 Volume II 20.00 M o d e r n Methods of Refining Lubricating Oils — by Vladimir A. Kalichevsky. A. C. S. Monograph 6.00 Lubricating Greases: T h e i r Manufacture a n d Use — by Ε. Ν. Klemgard 15.00 Conversion of Petroleum, Production of M o t o r Fuels — by T h e r m a l & Catalytic Processes — by A. N. Sachanen 6.00 Motor F u e l s : Their P r o d u c t i o n a n d Technology — by Eugene H. Leslie 6.00 Shale Oil — by Ralph H. McKee. A. C. S. Monograph 4.50 T h e Reactions of P u r e Hydrocarbons — by Gustav Egloff. A. C. S. Monograph 16.75 Physical Constants of Hydrocarbons — by Gustav Egloff. A. C. S. Monograph Volume I 9.00 Volume Π 12.00
Send
for circular
giving
Catalysis — Inorganic a n d Organic — by Sophia Berkman, Jacque C. Morrell and Gustav Egloff 18.00 Emulsions a n d F o a m s — by Sophia Berkman and Gustav Egloff 8.50 RUBBER, PLASTICS AND RESINS Chemistry a n d Technology of Rubber — by Carroll C. Davis and John T. Blake. A. C. S. Monograph 15.00 Science of R u b b e r — Edited by Prof. Dipl.-Ing K. Memmler — Translated by R. F. Dunbrook & V. N. Morris 15.00 Latex, I t s Occurrence, Collection, Properties a n d Technical Applications — by Ernst A. Hauser 4.00 Polymerization a n d I t s Applications i n t h e Fields of Rubber, Synthetic Resins, a n d Petroleum — by Robert E. Burk, Howard E. Thompson, Archie J. Weith and Ira Williams. A. C. S. Monograph 7.50 Chemistry of Synthetic Resins — Set in 2 Volumes — by Carleton Ellis 19.50 Chemistry of Synthetic Surface Coatings — by Wil liam Krumbhaar 4.00 Plastics a n d Molded Electrical Insudation — by Emile 6.00 Hemming Edwin Casein a n d I t s Industrial Applications — Sutermeister and Frederick L. Browne. A . C. Mono6.50 graph Systematic Survey of Rubber Chemistry — by Clayton W. Bedford and Herbert A. Winkelmann 8.00
£
details
on each
book.
REINHOLD PUBLISHING CORPORATION, 330 W. 42nd St., New York, U.S. A. VOLUME
2 0, N O . 1 9 » . O C T O B E R
10,
1942
1261
New A r c Welding Handbook Discusses Design and Practice A MANUAL of arms for welders in shops, shipyards, airplane factories, ordnance plants and arsenals. The Lincoln Electric Co.'s seventh edition of Procedure Hand book of Arc Welding Design and Practice, explains various methods and techniques used in welding, with a view to speeding up welding design and engineering and making it easier for the thousands of men in training to learn the essentials of weld ing in the shortest possible time. This 130-S-page handbook, containing 1810 illustrations, gives new and signifi cant information on welding symbols, new allowable stresses, preheating for welding, stress relieving, procedures, speeds, and costs, "Fleet-Fillet" tech nique, general metallurgical characteristics of metals and alloys, weldability of alumi num alloys, tubular construction, and ap pearance and styling of welded design. Copies of the book may be secured from The Lincoln Electric Co., Cleveland, Ohio, for S 1.50 postpaid.
Accident Rates in the Chemical Industry T H E National Safety Council, Chicago, 111., has just issued its annual statistical report on'accidents in the chemical indus
try. This is a 16-pagc planographed booklet, available at 2 0 cents a ropy. It shows the high lights of 1041 experience, experience in various tyjie? of plants, and comparisons with other industries, and includes tables of injury rates of individual industrial units.
New Edition of Welding Handbook 1 ο ANSWER the metal industries' de mand for general up-to-date information in concise form on welding, the American Welding Society has published a, second edition of its Welding Handbook. The primary purpose of this volume is to give engineers an authoritative refer ence book on the technical phases of welding. The material has been arranged, however, in logical sequence witli enough explanatory matter so tliat it may be used as a textbook in engineering schools and as a reference book in trade schools. Sub jects covered include, first, the physics and metallurgy of welding and the weldability of steels; second, the welding and allied processes ; third, the materials used; fourth, training, inspection and safety; fifth, design considerations and testing of welding; and sixth, the applications of welding. Outstanding authorities were chosen to prepare the respective chapters. Copies of the handbookjnay h e secured
from the American Welding Society, 33 West 39th St., New York, X. Y., by members for So.00. The price for nonmembers is $6.00.
Accidents in Industry IYIANY industrial workers literally fell down on the job in 1941—and their falls cost a lot of money as well as time and pain. The 1942 edition of Accident Facts, the National Safety Council's statistical yearbook, shows that falls of one kind or another accounted for 23 per cent of all compensation paid for accident cases in industry last year. "Handling objects" resulted in a larger number of accident cases than falls—24 per cent of the total, against 18 per cent for falls—but "handling objects" acci dents were less severe and drew only 15 per cent of all compensation paid. Falls and operations involving the handling of objects of one kind or another, combined, caused 42 per cent of all com pensated occupational accidents and drew 38 per cent of all compensation paid. Machinery, vehicles, falling objects, hand tools, and actions of "stepping on or striking against" each contributed smaller numbers of accidents and drew smaller fractions of the total compensation bill.
Barnstead Water Stills ARE EASY TO KEEP
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CHEMICAL
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ENGINEERING
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ïr. 1 „
2
i
:4
Hercules Resin-Design Scores Again
PENTALYN M - Ί
Gains 100% Higli-Priorily Uses
H e r c u l e s a n n o u n c e d Pentalyn* M a m o n t h ago. Already the entire current production of this new resin is sold for high-priority uses. This instant accept ance is merely o n e more example of t h e impor tance of the Hercules principle o f resin-design. Pentalyn w a s specifically designed to produce acceptable varnishes from straight linseed oil. Its outstanding features are: Tough through-dry—more complete than has been heretofore possible—after overnight airdrying. Rapid top-dry—the same outstanding s p e e d as is developed by the familiar Pentalyn G resin —is fully retained. •Reg. l \ 8. Pat. Off. by Hercuh-s* Powder Company
Faster cooking—allowing you t o start with less viscous o i l s without exceeding normal kettling times, or materially shortening the c o o k w h e n using heavier bodied linseed oils. Pale colors—permitting the production of either clears or pale tints without sacrifice of any other advantages. If y o u are currently w o r k i n g o n high-priority applications, you should immediately famil iarize yourself with the possibilities inherent in Pentalyn M-linseed varnishes. From all present indications, this i s o n e o f the major resins o f the future. Further information, on Pentalyn M or any other Hercules resin, is readily available. Write today.
|
H « C U « S VARN.SH
«S»»
Lewisol ^L· pentalyn Ο Lewisol 24 pentalyn M Lewisol 28 pentalyn X U w i s o l 33 G u m s SC-19 Imperial tfrana
VOLUME
2 0, NO. 1 9 » » O C T O B E R
10, 19 42
1263
