Colorimetric Determination of Traces of Metals
E. B. Sandell, Univer~ityof Minnesota, 3rd ed. Interscience Publishers, Inc., 1032 pp. New York, 1959. xxii 110 figs., 134 tables. 16 X 23.5 cm.
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524.
This standard treatise again testifies to the active research in the field of inorgsnic trace analysis. Since the second edition, new colorimetric reagents have been devcloped, improvements and new uses have been found for alder reagents, and perhapa most important there has grown a deeper understanding of fundamentals. The author has never tried to offer encyclopedic coverage, and feels that it is best to present a thorough view of the relatively few methods which he judges to he the most important in applied analysis. Such critical selection has limited the size of the book to a thousand pages, making it 50% larger than before. In addition to the inclusion of new material, many of the earlier sections have been reorganized and rewritten. The first part deals with general discussions of the methods of trace analysis, including methods of separation and isolation, principles of colorimetry and spectrophotometry, and broad considerations of inorganic and organic colorimetric reagents. The bulk of the book takes up 48 elements in addition to those of the rare earths, and for each there is a discussion of methods of separation followed by methods of determination. Often there are discussions of the basic chemistry and equilibria of the analytical systems, thus making the book more important as an advanced text as well as an indispensable refennce work. Consistent I suppose, with the times, many of our better books are entering the price range which tends to keep them out of personal libraries, hut it is safe to say that wherever the funds have been available those familiar with "Sandell" will not have waited for this review before ordering a copy of the third edition. RICHARD W. RAMETTE Carleton College Northfield, Minnesota
Kinetics of High-Temperature Processes
Edited by William. D. Kingery, Mesaschusetts Institute of Technology, Cambridge. The Technology Press and John Wiley and Sons, Inc., New York, 1959. xvi t 326 pp. Figs. and tables. 21 X 27.5 em. $13.50. This volume of 35 papers from various research groups in the United States and Europe was the outgrowth of a conference held a t MIT's Endicott House in 1958. I t is one of the few books available which covers modern work in high temperature kinetics. The emphasis is on processes which involve a t least one condensed phase; no discussion of gas kinetios is given. Major topics included are Imperfections and Diffusion in Nonmetals, Diffusion in Liquids and Liquid-Solid
A380
/
Journal o f Chemical Education
Solid-Gas Reactions. Mast of the articles are reports of recent research and tend to assume a general familiarity with the field. The book is definitely not a textbook, but in somecases a critical review of the field is included. Especially valueble to the person reading far general information are the articles Diffusion Sintering in the Solid State, by R. L. Coble; Sintering in the Presence of a Liquid Phase, by W. D. Kingery; Order-Disorder Theory, by J. M. Honig; Kinetics of Graphitization, by S. Mrozowski; Movement.of Ions in Solid Oxides, by K. Hsuffe; and The Kinetics of Thermal Decomposition, by I. B. Cutler. The expert will find the presentation of unsolved problems, both in the formal papers and the recorded discussions, extremely useful in evaluating his ideas for future research activities.
JOHN L. MARQRAVE Univewily of Wisconsin Madison
Annual Review of Physical Chemistry. Volume 10, 1959
Edited by H. Eyring, University of Utah, with C. J. ChrisCmen, University of Utah, and H. S. Johnston, University of California, associate editors. Annual Review, Inc., Palo Alto, Cslifornia, 1959. vii 537 pp. 16 X 23 om. $7.
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In Volume 10 of this well-known series, nineteen fields of physical chemistry are reviewed. I t is the policy to alternate coverage of certain topics so that about thirty fields can be covered ins. three-year period. The topics covered and the authors are as follows: Thermochemistry and Thermodynamic Properties of Substances, J. M. Sturtevant; Experimental Molecular Structure, 0. Bestiansen and E. W. Lund; The Kinetics of Reactions in Gases, A. F. Trotman-Diekenson; Physical and Chemical Properties of Surfaces, J. M. Honig; Block and Graft Copolymers, G. M. Burnett; Ion Exchange, H. F. Walton; Trapped Energetic Radicals, J. L. Franklin and H. P. Broida; Physical O~ganic Chemistry, V. Gold; Proteins and Syuthetic Polypeptides, H. A. Seheraga; Heterogeneous Equilibria and Phase D i a grams, R. F. Porter; Solutions of Electrolytes, J . C. Pairier; Solutions of Nonelectrolytes, G. S. Rushbrooke; Radiation Chemistry, A. Charlesbyand A. J.Swallow; Quantum Theory, Theory of Molecular Structure and Valence, J. A. Pople; Electronic Spectra of Organic Compounds, J. R. Platt.; Vibration-Rotation Spectra, R. M. Herter; The Solid State, W. J. Moore; Nuclear and Paramagnetic Resonance, G. K. Fraenkel and B. Segal; High Temperature Chemistry, J. L. Margrave. This hook is written by experts for experts. The inclusion of British and Norwegian authorities is a welcome way of insuring different approaches and points of view in regularly reviewed fields. The
concluding dates of coverage for all chapters are clearly indicated. Another useful feature is the extensive subject index and the complete suthm index. Each chapter has an extensive list of references. This rcvicww cannot r&t r&trrmg h i e i u r Imae to find i m p. 8 ' ~ sthat o rrlrction i n m I.ord ll\ron'.i . ('hilrle Ilnrold" ii uwd to help explain techniques for investigating geometries of reaction intermediates! Like the other volumes in this series, Volume 10 should be an the shelf of every teacher and research worker in the field of physical chemistry.
Chemical Process Principles. Thermodynamics
PaIt 2:
Olaf A . Hrmgen, University of Wisconsin, Kenneth M. Watson, Illinois Institute of Technology, and Roland A. Ragatz, University of Wisconsin. 2nd Edition. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., New York, 1959. xviii 567 xxxvii pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $9.75.
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This revision reflects the most recent technological advances and includes much new material as well ss careful upgrading of thealder material. The new materialin this edition includes: (a) general methods far development of thermodynamic relationships, ( b ) improved generalized tables of state and thermodynamic properties, (c) thermodynamics of fluid flaw including comoressihle fluids at subsonic and suoersonic flow, ( d ) cycle analysis of modern vapor turbine power units, (e) solubility, ( f ) thermodynamics of separation processes, ( g ) vapor-liquid equilibria. and ( h )
the same wide acceptance
JOHN J. MCKETTA The University of Terns Austin, Tezm
The Romance of Chemistry
Keith Gordon Irwin. The Viking Press, Inc., New York, 1959. xi 148 pp. Figs. 16 X 24 cm. $3.75.
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There is general agreement among chemists that there is a romance of chemistry. Professor Irwin has selected well from the history of chemistry to illustrate this point. The suthor'e narrative mans the eent,uriea.
being created rtrtificidly. Frequently the vivid words of the eminent scientists themselves are used. Agricola. is quoted from his "De Re Metallica" on such topics as On Mining a8 a Business, On the Claims of Alchemists, On the Trickery of Alchemists, Suggestions far the Young Assayer, and On Inve~tingin Mining Stock. More than 400 years later, the writings of this great metallurgist are still valid.
The introductory chapter an the early chemical arts is perhaps too short and sketchy. Fom pages are devoted to how ancient Egypt made a beginning in chemical research andonly two pages are allotbed to chemistry and alchemy. The achievements of Moslem scientists dming this early period are treated adequately and fairly. As the representative of a metals industry, this reviewer e m heartily agree with the author's statement that "The chemical production of metals can be considered the greatest of all man's chemical achievements." Chapter 2 is appropriately entitled A Break in the Chemical Barrier. I t concerns the work of Boyle, Priestley, Lavoisier, and Scheele. The pseudo-magic of alchemy becomes the science of chemist,ry. The following chapter, Visioning the Unseeable, centers about t,he achievementn of Dalton and Csvendish. Thifi logio;dly loads to a con~idrrationof Gay-I,ussac, Avogndro, and Bereelius in the chapter entitled, Chemical Secrets of the Gases. Chapter 5, On t,he Trail of New Elements, involves Davy, Bunsen, Moiasan, Mend* Igeev, and Ramsry. KekulC and Wiihler are treated in the following chapter entitled Organic Chemistry on thc Move. Science for n New Ccntur.~autlincs the work of Mosclev and the Curies and devotrs a few paragraphs to isotopes, inside the atom, and nuclear fission. Because80 much progress ha8 been madein the laat two decades, this chapter is totally inadequate even if designed for junior high school students. The final chapter, Some Aehievem~ntsof the Chemist in Industry, is more an appendix. I t simply summariaea the t ~ c h nicsrl careers of Hall, Frnsch, Hsber, and Langmuir without giving a ~ t a d e nenough t hnrkground to prepare him for present day indust,rial research or production. High school sbudents will find this book highly usoful 8s a snpplomont to their introdi~ctionto the studp of chemistry. ROLLAND J. GLADIEUX Vnion Carhide Metals Company Niarara F d l s , h'ew York
Property Memrurementr at High Temperatures
'I' D. &Very, Mnssxchusetts Infititute of Technology. John Wiley & Sons, Inc., Krw York, 1059. xii 416 pp. Figs. and t a h l ~ s . 10 X 26.6 em. $16.50.
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W. D. Kingery probably has as broad experience in the scientific study of high temperature properties as anyone in the wnrld. He has added to that experience a great amount of scholarly res~arehin ordrr to produce this book on the nature and techniques of high temperature property measurement. The t,itles of the fourtren chapters of the book are Temperature Measurement; 1,aboratory Refractories; Laboratory Furnaces; Heat Conduction and Radiation; Density and Thermal . Expansion; St,rength, Elasticity, and Deformat,ion of Solids; Thermal Stress Resistance; Viscosity; Rate Measurements; Calorim&ic Mmsuremmts; Phaae Equilibria (Continued on page A388) Volume
37,
Number
6,
June
1960 / A381
