J A N U A R Y 1 9 9 6 • VOL. 3 0 NO. 1
ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY
SPECIAL ISSUE Trends & Challenges: The New Environmental Landscape The environmental field is undergoing fundamental change: traditional approaches are being challenged and new ideas are emerging. Environmental Science & Technology examines how this landscape is changing and will evolve in the future. Nineteen environmental leaders debate the status of the environmental sciences, remediation and pollution prevention, health research, and policy.
27A Current Conditions A survey of recent advances, opportunities, and difficulties: carcinogenicity, microbial ecology, market-based policies, pollution prevention.
32A Emerging Frontiers The forefront fields to watch: risk-based decision making, in situ remediation, life cycle assessment, exposure analysis, polymer membranes.
37A Priority Concerns Tough issues and problems facing the future: setting cleanup levels, hormone disruptors, groundwater contamination, complex chemical mixtures.
42A Managing the Future New strategies needed to deal with the changing environment: research collaborations, improving education, funding cuts, regulatory flexibility.
Environmental Science & Technology, ES&T (ISSN 0013-936X), is published monthly by the American Chemical Society at 1155 16th Street, N.W., Washington, DC 20036. Second-class postage paid at Washington, DC, and at additional mailing offices.
2 A • VOL. 30, NO. 1, 1996 / ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / NEWS
POSTMASTER: Send address changes to Environmental Science & Technology, Membership & Subscription Services, PO. Box 3337, Columbus, OH 43210. Canadian GST Reg. No. 127571347.
NEWS 14A Risk assessment draft gives WTI incinerator clean slate 15A Science Global reach of persistent organic pollutants measured • Chiral com pounds as environment tracers
17A Technology Electric car life cycle analysis challenged • California rethinking electric car mandate
REVIEW 18A Government Science Advisory Board revises disclosure policy • Project XL pilot programs selected • EPA considering reproductive effects reporting requirement
20A Society Native Americans grapple with PCB health effects • EPA community assistance grants
22A Briefs U.S./European hazardous waste incinerators form alliance
DEPARTMENTS 7A Comment
tors • Federal contractors and TRI
The Leadership Vacuum
45A Book Reviews
8A Correspondence Ranking risks
Negotiating Climate Change at the Rio Convention
9A Research Watch
46A Meeting Calendar
Air • Biodegradation • Drinking Water • Measurements • Modeling • Monitoring • Policy • Soil • Toxicology • Wastewater
11A EPA Watch Petroleum wastes • Concentrations of hazardous wastes • Consumer product VOCs • Delisting NPL sites • MACT rule for incinera-
47A ES&T Advisory Board 48A ES&T Editorial Policy 54A Classifieds 56A Consulting services
1 Mechanisms of Slow Sorption of Organic Chemicals to Natural Particles Joseph J. Pignatello and Baoshan Xing
The physical and chemical factors responsible for rate-limiting sorption and desorption of pollutants is discussed.
RESEARCH 12 Solute Transport in Clay Media: Effect of Humic Acid Alanah Fitch and Jia Du
The ability of humic materials to remove cations from the gallery region of clay stacks is monitored directly using clay-modified electrodes. 16 Effect of Bromide Ion on Haloacetic Acid Speciation Resulting from Chlorination and Chlor amination of Aquatic Humic Substances Gretchen A. Cowman and Philip C. Singer
All nine bromine- and chlorine-containing haloacetic acid species are measured in chlorinated and chloraminated drinking water under a variety of solution conditions. 25 Preliminary Investigation into the Effects of Carbonation on Cement-Solidified Hazardous Wastes Liséte C. Lange, Colin D. Hills, and Alan B. Poole
A cement-solidified heavy metal waste, cured in carbon dioxide, presents improved mechanical and leaching properties.
31 In Situ and Laboratory Determined First-Order Degradation Rate Constants of Specific Organic Compounds in an Aerobic Aquifer Per H. Nielsen, Poul L Bjerg, Pernille Nielsen, Pemille Smith, and Thomas H. Christensen
In situ microcosms and laboratory batch microcosms yield approximately similar degradation rate constants for 19 specific organic compounds.
AT A GLANCE Analytical methods .115, 188, 204, 214, 271, 322 Arctic atmosphere, aerosol particles 312 Atmospheric deposition, heavy metals 246 Atmospheric reactions, carbamates 329 Chiral compounds 16A Chlorinated solvent mixtures 97 j Diesel exhaust emissions 38 I Dioxin-like compounds 252, 283 Dioxins, fly ash reactions 225, 230 Groundwater monitoring 355 Hazardous waste solidification 25 Hydrocarbons, microbial degradation 31, 136 Incineration, metals partitioning 50 Life cycle assessment 17A Metals in sediments, model 129 Metals in sediments, history 121 Metals in sediments, mineralogy 72 Metals movement in soils 12 Organic contaminant sorption 1, 89 Organochlorines, anaerobic degradation 292 PAH bioremediation 307 PAH/PCB sediment bioavailability 172 PAH/PCB speciation in rain 341, 349 Particulate matter 104 PCB biodegradation 237 Persistent organic pollutants 15A Pesticide metabolites 335 Phytoremediation, mechanisms 110 Reactive iron barriers 57, 66, 153 Reformulated gasoline, methanol 196 Risk assessment, incineration 14A Semivolatile organic compounds 301 Surfactant fate, Mississippi River 161 Toxaphene in Lake Ontario 220 Toxicity prediction, aquatic systems 260 Trace metals in Great Lakes 178 Uranium in soil 81 Wastewater treatment, seaweed 277 Water disinfection 16 Water treatment, activated carbon 143
ESTHAG30(1)1A-56A/1-360 ISSN 0013 936X
VOL. 30, NO. 1, 1996 / ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / NEWS • 3 A
