I/EC
WHEN RELIABILITY COUNTS . . .
M G » § & Μ VECO MATCHED THERMISTORS THERMAL CONDUCTIVITY CELLS VECO thermal conductivity cells and matched thermistors are es pecially designed for such applica tions as gas chromatography, tem perature measuring bridges, tem perature control circuits, inter changeable calibrated units for thermometry, and many others. They also provide an economical means of obtaining close-tolerance interchangeability, with matching available to better than 1 % . VECO is a leading pioneer in the field of high reliability Thermistors and Varis tors with products that engineers know can do the tough jobs required of them. Most companies specify VECO thermis tors and varistors, a further indication that VECO's reputation for accuracy, reliability and ruggedness is well deserved.
FREE: hor further informa tion and technical data on VECO cells and matched ther mistors, write for SM 111. Cataloged in EEM and Radio Master.
Other VECO products,' Thermistors · Varistors · Chopperettes · Combustion Analyzers • Thermistor Catheters and Needles · Thermistor Kits · Varistor Kits · Hypsometers · LOX Thermistors and many others
VECO glass enclosed thermistors are not adversely affected by radiation. Our quality control pro cesses are accepted under MIL-Q-5923 standards.
VECO Thermal Con ductivity Cell M182 used in this plastic model showing sec tion of a Gas Chro matography unit.
REPORTS
m.p.h. without moving an inch. I t is called the Hiway Simulator, and Socony plunked down 0.153 million dollars for this perpetual pike, which already is paying its way without benefit of toll. T h e driverless cars operate o n endless treadmills reproducing a single machine's actual road trip previously recorded on magnetic tape. This taped record is played back into the vehicles on the Simu lator, so that identical throttle posi tions and speeds, as well as road grades met on the course, are faith fully duplicated. With the proper library of tapes on hand, any sort of trip conditions may be duplicated except the back-seat-driver angle— stop-and-go jams, high-speed turn pikes, and steep up-and-down grades. Socony's rigged road came about through experience with a large number of test drivers continually on the highway for testing new pe troleum products, additives, and test engines. T h e remotely controlled hot-rods do away with the test drivers and leave nothing to chance in the way of reproducing actual road trips. T h e device has allowed Socony to get a big j u m p on a com plex research problem—namely, their new premium motor fuel, Socony methyl. Literally hundreds of formulations were screened on the Simulator—cost and time savings have been tremendous.
Good for People, Good for Horses
VICTORY ENGINEERING CORPORATION
125 SPRINGFIELD ROAD, UNION, N.J. MUrdock Circle No. 70 on Readers' Service Card 40 A
INDUSTRIAL A N D ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
8-7150
F\N expert horse trainer, Sunny Jim Fitzsimmons, conducted some experiments with chemistry's newest wonder, "polyurethane foam." Clothing manufacturers have found that the light-weight material is extremely effective at less weight and at only 3 / 3 2 inch. T h e ebullient Mr. Fitz, who has an impressive list of racetrack "firsts" to his credit, has never had trouble breaking with tradition. If such alien-sounding substances as diisocyanates and polyesters can be m a d e to produce better horse (Continued on page 42 A)
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VISCOSITIES SLOWING YOU UP?
blankets, saddle pads, or warm-up bandages, M r . Fitz is all for trying. Grooms may never learn to call it polyurethane, but they agree that there is something to be said for a durable and all-but-weightless material, unaffected by acids, alcohols, and liniments, that can be washed and re-used again and again. " N o point of hanging on to the old way of doing things, just because it is the old way," so says M r . Fitz, who is approaching his 86th birthday.
SEDIMENTATION GETTING YOU I DOWN?
Colored Diamonds
If high viscosity is slowing your processing of an aqueous slurry, try adding a Marasperse® dispersant. Or if your customers complain of sedimentation when they mix your product with water, put a Marasperse in your formulation. Only a little Marasperse is needed to reduce slurry viscosities, or to prevent micron-sized particles from settling out of suspensions. Usually less than 3%, based on the weight of the solids in the aqueous system, will do the job for you. For example, manufacturers of gypsum board require just 0.15% Marasperse in their stucco slurries to give them more fluidity at lower water contents . . . And producers of pesticide wettable powders include but 1.5% to 2.0% Marasperse in their powders to ensure satisfactory dispersion in spray tanks. What's more, the Marasperses cost only a few cents a pound! Tell us about your viscosity or suspensibility problem. If it's typical of one of the many that the Marasperse dispersants have licked, we'll give you specific information based on user experience. If it's something new or unique, we'll tell you how to test samples of the Marasperses to determine whether or not they'll be useful to you.
M A R A T H O N QÉQ A Division
of
A m e r i c a n Can Company CHEMICAL SALES DEPARTMENT MENASHA, W I S C O N S I N
MARATHON · CHEMICAL
A D i v i s i o n of A m e r i c a n SALES
DEPT. ·
Please send Information File N o . 1-110 Q
\__TwL-/
Can Co.
MENASHA, WIS.
Samples •
of MARASPERSE f o r use in
NAME TITLE COMPANY. ADDRESS.... "lease
attach
to
your company
letterhead.
Circle No. 39 on Readers' Service Card
42 A
INDUSTRIAL A N D ENGINEERING CHEMISTRY
REPORTS
IB#IAMONDS are generally considered to be clear crystals. But since 1900 almost everyone has devised a coloring technique, largely based on radiation and exposure to modestly high temperatures. For the last 60 years it has been a real snap to make yellow, or brown-green crystals with 10-hour radium irradiation treatments. They have also been made brownred, brown, or brown-green with 1200-hour irradiation. These coloring methods are generally conceded to be results of complex Frenkel defects. It is now possible by using radiation and higher temperature to produce a single Frenkel defect in the actual diamond lattice. This produces a pure blue color which is more than a surface effect and cannot be removed by polishing or grinding. In the past, alpha particles have been responsible for the surface color change, but it is now possible to use gamma rays. Energies of about one million electron volts and above with an integrated flux of about 10 to 20 gamma rays per sq. cm. are used. Several years' irradiation would, however, be required to obtain this flux from known gamma rays sources such as cobalt 60 or a Van der Graaf machine with a suitable target. Now that new techniques have been developed from radiation, no telling what may be done with cheaper starting materials.
