in the Chemical laboratory Edited by NORMAN V. STEERE, 140 Melbourne Ave., S.E. Minneapolis, Minn. 5541 4
XLVI. Hazardous Chemicals Data*
(Continued)
NATIONAL FIRE PROTECTION ASSOCIATION, 60 Botterymarch Street, Boston, Moss. 02 1 1 0
plasive pressure rupture of the container. LIFE H-WARD: Extl.emely irritating to This iswe rontnina flwthrr exeyes, skin, and respiratory tract; can nmples of ehemirnl informittiou reresult in serious burns. Avoid inhalation corded itr "Haaarrlmlr Chemicals Ilzla,' of vapor and liquid contact with skin or NFPA Nu. 4!J. eyes. Threshold limit vslue is one part Special permission was obtained to per million. Wear goggles and selfrepl.int ilrese e s ~ m p l e s and the excontained breathing apparatus. planatal.y seetkm in the pl.evions issues, RISEFIGHTINC PHASES: Use water because it is u w opinhm that "Hasin ample quantities to dilute and wash al.dow Chemicals Ilatn" shor~ld he away spills and combat fires involving this known and rwetl as a refwonre in tearhmaterial. Other extingnishing sgents ing, eli~iieal,a i d research lnbot~sto~~ies. will probably not be effective. Wear goggles and self-contained breathing apparatus. USUALSHIPPINGCONTAINERS:Glass. H y d r o g e n P e r o x i d e (52% by w e i g h t bottles of 1-qoart capacity or less, aluo r g r e a t e r ) 11202 m i n ~ ~drums m less than 30-gallon capacity, and ah~minnm tank cars up to 8,000gallon capscity. All containers most be I)ESCIIIP.I.ION:Clew, colo~.less,watervented. like liquid; standard eo~mnt,rstionsare STORAGE:Protect containers against ill% and 00%; rancent~.ntionsto 100%, physical damage. Store in cool, ventimay be eneonntered. lated areas. Dmms shordd not he stacked; FIREA N D E X P L ~ S IIInz.$ll~s: ~N Powershodd always be stored and handled in ful oxidiaing agent. I i r concentrations an upright position. Flooding or water above 657, Ha02, ins~lficient water is fl~~shing s y ~ t e m sahodd be available to prenent to remove the heat of decamposiwash away spills. Storage should be tioll by vaporization. The adiabatic remote from combustible materials or decomposition temperatwe of 9070 HSOI catalytic metals (see FIRE A N D EXPLOSION is 1364T., so that most combustible msIZ.\ZARDS above). ierials in eoutact with the decomposition R E M A R I ~See : Chemical Safety Data pmdwtu will quickly bowt into flame. Sheet SD-53, S~ipplementB (ManufacturUnstable; hilt eammercisl pvoducis n o c ing Chemists' Association, Inc.). mnlly are inhibited. An increase in bempomtnre imxeases the decomposition rate Hydrogen Sulfide H2S of hydlngeu peroxide about It/? limes for each 10"V. Vidcul deramposilion may he Description: Colorless gas; offensive cailsed by euutaet wilh malty suhsi.ances strong odor similar to rottell eggs. such as iwu, copper, elrmmium, brass, F I ~ AEN D EXPLOSION T ~ A Z ~ R D S : Flambrouae, lead, silvev, mallgallere, etc., mable gas. Forms explosive mixtnres nnd their salts. At wdinal.y t,emperawith ail. over 8. wide range. Flammable tures, hydrogen peroxide in coucent,ralimits, 4.3% and 4.5%. Ignition temliotm np tu ahont !)070 does not readily perature, .500DF. Heavier than air (vapor detonate. Higher concentrations or eledensity, 1.2) and may travel cansiderahle vated temperaltwes may farilitate detonadistance to a. sanrce of ignition and flash tion. Selbsilive and powerful explosive back. Dangeronsly reactive with fuming mixl.wes are obtained on mining many 01. strong nitric acid and powerful oxidising materials. ol.gallie mrrterials wilh hydrngen peroxide; LIFE HAZARD:Highly toxic. Irritatorganic mate~.ials,sneh as alcohols, glycerol, etc., soluble in peroxide, create very ing to eyes and respiratory tract,. Threshold limit value, 10 parts per million; haaardous mixtwes. Contaminated hyhigh concentrations cause almost imdrogen peroxide can decompose a t a rate that will exceed the cxpaeily of the vent mediate death. Wear goggles and selicontained breathing apparatus. on the container. I t s decomposition can he self-accelerating and result in a n exFIREFICHT~NG PHASES: Stop flow of gas. Use water to keep containers cool. * From Hazardom Chemicals Data, Ilo not extingnish unless necessary to efiect an immediate shutoff of flow. Dry NFPA Na. 4!J, copyrighied by National Five P~vtertion Association. Remilrted chemical and carbon dioxide can be used hy permission. to ext,inguish hydrogon sulfide fires. ~~
~~~
1
@
feature
Wear goggles and self-contained breathing apparatus. USUAL SHIPPING CONTAINERS: Steel pressure cylinders. STORAGE: Protect against physical damage. Storage should be well isolated, detached, ventilated, and of fire-resistive construction. Store away from nitric acid, strong oxidizing materials, corrosive liquids or gases, cylinders or other containers under high pressure, and possible sources of ignition. Protect against static electric it,^, .. direct sunlight - and excessive heat. REMARKS:Electrical installations in Class I hazardous locations, as defined in Article 500 of the National Electrical Code, should be in accordance with Arbicle 601 of the Code; and electrical equipment should be suitable for use in atmophems containing hydrogen sulfide gas. See Explosion Venting Guide (NFPA No. 68), Static Electricity (NFPA No. 7i), Fire-Hazard Properties of Flammable Liquids, Gases and Volatile Solids (NFPA No. 325M), and Chemical Safety Data Sheet SD-36 (Manufacturing Chemists' Association, Inc.). l s o p r o p y l Efher
(C113)2CHOCH(CH3)2 DESCRIPTION:C ~ l ~ r l e svolatile s, liquid with ethereal odor. FIREA N D EXPLOSION HAZARDS:Flammable liquid. Flammable limits, 1.47, and 7.9% and flammable mixtures with air are farmed readily a t room temperatnres. Flash point, minus 18'F. (cc). Boiling point, 155'F. Ignition temperature, 830°F. Vapor-air density a t 10IlDF. is 1.47. Vapor is heavier than air and may travel a considerable distmee to a source of ignition and flash back. Unstable pernxides may form on long starrding in contact wit,h air and i.hese may explode spontaneously or when heated. LIFE HAZARD:The mail, action is anesthetic and high concentrations of the vapor in air can cause ~mconscioosness. Threshold limit value, 500 parts per million. FIREFIGHTING PHASES:I~opropylether is lighter than wat,er srrd only slightly soluble in water; water may ~ p r e a da spill fire. Use "alcohol" foam, carbon dioxide or dry chemical. USUALSHIPPINGCONTIINERS: G l a s bot,tles, steel drums and cans. STORAGE: Protect against physical damage. Detached outside storage is preferred. Inside storage should be in 8. standard flammable liquids storage room or cabinet. Isolate fromother eombl~stible materials. Avoid direct sunlight. Pratect against static electricity and lightning. For large quantity storage rooms, protect with automatic sprinkler aystems and tot,al flooding carbon dioxide systems. The (Continued o n page A3141
Volume 45, Number 4, April
1968
/
A313
1 Safety . . . 1,eactivityhazard may be increased lo 3 on long standing, drre to peroxide formation. ~IEM.LRKS: Elect~.ieal equipmellt in Class I hasal.dous locations, as defined by Article 500 of t,he National Electl.ical Cade, s h a d d be installed in accordance with Al.ticle 501 af the Code; and electrical equipment. should he suitable for use in atmospheres of isupropyl ether. See National Electrical Code (NFPA Nu. 70) and Flammable and Combostible Liquids Code (NFPA No. 30).
Methyl Acrylate
CHs:CHCOOCHa
SCRIPTI ION: A colorless, volatile liquid with an acrid odor. FIREA N D EXPLOSION H.LZ.\RDS:Flammable liquid. Vapor forms explosive mintwes with air. Flammable limits, 2.870 and 23%. Ignition temperat~~re not established. Flash point, 27'F. (oc). Boiling point, 176°F. Specific graviby, 0.95. Vapor is heavier than sir (vaparair density a t 10O0F., 1.5)and mrty travel a corlsiderable distance to a source of ignition and flash back. Usually cont,ains an inhibitor to prevent self-polymerization. At elevated temperatures, as in fire conditions, polymerization may bake place. If the polymerization takes place in a closed container, there is possibility of violent rupture of the container. Lrm I?.LZ.~RDS: Marked respiratory irritant. Prolonged contact with skin or eyes may cause severe damage. Threshold limit value, 10 ppm. Wear self-contained bwathing apparatus. FLHEFIGHTING PH.IGES: Only slight,ly soluble in waler. Water spray may be ineffective. Use carbon dioxide, dry chemical or foam. Cool tanks or drums contained breathing apparatus. USU.IL SHXPPINGCONTAINERS: Dottles and cans in fiber or wooden boxes, drums, tank cars, tank (rucks, t m k barges. STOR-WE: Protect against physical damage. Ontside or detached storage preferable. Inside storage should be in a. standard flammable liquids storage room or cabinet.. Avoid storage temperature in excess of IOODF. Separate from oxidizing materials. Vapors are oninhibited and may form po1ymet.s in vents or flame arrestors, resulting in stoppage of vents. I b m . \ n ~ s : Electrical inslalliltions i l l Class I hazardous locatiuns as defiued in Article 600 of the National Electrical Code, should he in compliance with Article 501 of the Cade. Electrical eqrdpment should be suitable for use in atmospheres cootaining methyl acrylate vapors. See Flammahle and Combustible Liquids Code (NFPA No. 30), National Electrical Cade (NFPA No. XI), Static Electricit,y (NFPA No. 77), Fire-Hazard Properties of Flammable Liqnids, Gases and Volatile Solids (NFPA No. 32.5M), and Chemical
I A314
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Journal of Chemical Education
(Conlintred on page AY17)
Safety
. ..
Safety I l n t s Sheel SII-i!) (Mannfnrtitring Chemists' Asroeiathm, Ine.).
Nitrobenzene
C,HjNOz
D E s c n l ~ 1 ~ 1 nOily, ~ : pale to da1.k yellow or hl.own liq,lid, wilh s r l ~ s l ~ a d e t ~ iodw. rfir FIRE. A N D EXFLOSIO*. ~ I . L z . ~ I Com~s: h,~stil,le liquid; vnpow f o m explosive mixtures with air. Fl:~~nm:~I>le Iimil,~IIU~, repwted. Flash point ! I F Igtrition ternpel.at\we !lIIIIDF. l a m TT.\smo: Ilighly toxic; fatal nrnoilnts mny he nbswherl ihl.wigh the skin, hy i~ihnlntirm,rw iugestion. Threshold limit vnl>le,1 pavl pel. rnillirm Wear cornplet~pl.otertive rloll~in~g. Frnc F ~ G M T I NP>r.\wis: O Use W:LIPL. spray, rnl.lmn rliuxidr, d1.y rhemir:d o r foam. U'cill. rompletep~~oteclive rlr,thiq. Usntr, S H I I W N OCOS.I..\INEIIS: (:lass i n f i l ~ e r l ~or~ ~ woc~cl ~ ~ dh x e s , 55-gallw1 metal dl.~~rnc, i n l k ram. Sroa.\oe: Pmtcrt ;igninrf pl~y.ir;,l rlsmnge, freezing, ; r l ~ l i~>tense lreai. Separate fl.i,m o s i i l i s i ! ~m;tlwi:~l.;. ~ I)?tnrhed slovage i.; prrfcwcrl. Iwidc slrwngr sho,~ldl,c i l l n s1n1hl.d ilnmmnble lirl~~idr storngc irmm I.r:!I?inet. 1 . 1 : Ser Flamrnnl,le ;and Cornln~stilde Licl\~idsCode (XFPA Nm :XI), Fire-1Tnsnl.d P~.,q,e~.liesof Flamm:rl,lr Liquids, (:ases a ~ \',,latile d Solids (NPI'A No. 32511), mid CI!~rnic;il 1):d:~ S:dcly Sheet SI)-21 ( ~ l : ~ ~ ~ ~ ~ f(:hemisis' :~cl~~ri~~g Assor:iatiw, Inr.).
Nitropropanes (1-Nitropropone and 2-Nitropropane) CIT,CIT,CFI,I\'O,:
CII,CII\'O,CH,
sI : 1.rrwe1.flarnrn;~l,iIilylimits 2.6%. f , I~- ~ ~ i l m ~ g t ~ c ~LJ..G"., ~ ) n ! ~for e , 2i ; . Flash pc,illls :we 120"1'.( c ) 1 1 I l i F . ( ) ; ignitirm 1m1pet.nIwes are iS!IoF. :wrl SIP2"F.; m d spwi(ic glavilies are Il.!)!)X ;r~idl1.1I4X f w the I- awl 2-1cil~ . o p ~ . o p aI .~C Sw~ E ~ I ivcly. ' ~ h c, t i t YOproppanes : 1)si ~ ~ l d i ~a l di ~ t ~ ingestiou. Thl~eshnldlimit vallle frw n i l u propn~tcx,2.7 p w t s pet. million. The pro+ ~ t c t sof dccr,mprwitiw :%IF highly toxi(.. Pel-ir,u~!els h ~ o l dwcnv pl.rllerlive rlr,llling and ~ d r - ~ , , , , ~ :Iwmthi~tg ~id :q~p:
