BOOKSRECEIVED
July 5 , 1957
3617
into and out of the catalyst granule is rate determining, and In addition t o the preparations, properties and reactions the decrease in t h e rate constants with increasing pressure of compounds, the structural side is quite adequately dealt and with decreasing HS t o N2 ratio, are of particular signifiwith considering the scope of t h e book. There are but few cance. T h e magnitude of the change in t h e rate constants errors and, although the views expressed in some sections with pressure in is not the same for all catalysts, being lowest now need modification, the book is fairly well up t o datealmost an impossibility in this field at t h e present time. T h e for t h e doubly promoted 4120a-Kz0-Fe304 catalyst. I n Chapter 6 are presented the properties of various cata- final section on cyclopentadienyl compounds is one of the lysts which are of industrial importance such as temperature weakest, and the discussion of bonding in ferrocene and stability, effect of promoters, the characteristics of reversible similar compounds is far from illuminating. Metal-benzene poisoning by 0 2 , H20, CO, COSand more permanent poisonderivatives are mentioned only in a footnote. ing by S,As; the optimum reduction procedures, and t h e On its information content alone this book is a wortheffect of particle size on activity and on pressure-drop in inwhile addition to one’s library and i t has the additional dustrial reactors. T h e extent of reduction is of critical merit of being handy for the pocket. importance to the activity of the catalyst. Virtually comDEPARTMENT OF CHEMISTRY plete reduction is desirable because of the poisoning action of G. U’ILKINSON IMPERIAL COLLEGE H20, and i t is obtained by t h e use of very high space veS.W.7, ENGLAND locities of the reducing gas and t h e highest temperatures con- LONDON, sistent with minimum deterioration of t h e catalyst by sintering. Promoters such as A1203, CaO and K 2 0 markedly lower the rate of reduction of Fe304. X-Ray diffraction patterns of various catalysts before and after reduction are presented and discussed in Chapter 7. Chimie Physique Nucleaire AppliquBe. BYJACQUES ERRERA, T h e distribution of A1203in the spinel lattice of Fe304is uniprofesseur a 1’Universite de Bruxelles. Masson et Cie., form and this accounts for the structural promotion of A1203. Editeurs, Librairies de 1’Academie de Medecine. 120 Whether CaO, or MgO are “dissolved” in the Fes04 is not Boulevard Saint-Germain, Paris VI, France. 1956. 226 yet determined. KzO remains largely on the surface of the pp. 16.4 X 24.8 cm. Price, 2.100 fr. reduced catalysts, and its promotional activity probably is This little book covers applications of radioisotopes t o related to its effect on the thermionic work function of the areas where physico-chemical methods are common. The surface and consequently on the rate and extent of activated contents of the several chapters (and their lengths in pages) adsorption of nitrogen ( t h e rate determining step in the are approximately as follows: the atom and the nucleus synthesis). (14); nuclear reactions (19); fission, reactors, nuclear Chapters 8 and 9 are concerned with the details of the re(3); military applications of action mechanism as determined by critical experiments on power (36); fusion reactions surface properties, the energetics of chemisorption of HSand nuclear energy ( 4 ) ; fields of application for nuclear reactions (4); detection of nuclear radiations (20); units of N? and measurements of the rates of nitrogen isotope exchange reactions. The data and discussion are of critical radioactivity (4); preparation of radioisotopes ( 5 ) ; comand radioactive tracers (2); importance t o an understanding of heterogeneous catalytic parison of usefulness of stable applications t o pure and applied reactions. l l t h o u g h structural heterogeneity of catalyst health protection (9); science (81); list of elements and table of useful radioisotopes surfaces exists and is effective in the selectivity of certain (4). T h e text is written on a semi-technical level. catalysts, and although surface interaction of chemisorbed Of t h e 150-odd references and illustration credits in the molecules and atoms also contributes t o energetics of the surface reactions, nevertheless neither of these factors is book, 2 are to British journals, 2 to a Belgian article, 1 t o a recent British compendium, and the remainder t o current adequate to explain the changes in heat of adsorption with American textbooks, monographs and journals. T h e book extent of surface coverage. Boudart’s calculations of the seems to be largely a collection of review and summary mainfluence of the electrical double layer which is formed on a terial published elsewhere. T h e book can be recommended catalyst surface by a fully or partially ionized adsorptive t o students who are preparing for thcir pre-doctoral French bond show large changes in thermionic work-function and adequately large decreases in heat of adsorption with increase examinations. in the fraction of the surface covered. NOYESLABORATORY OF CHEMISTRY Nielsen’s book is a valuable one for both scientists and PETER E. YANKIVICH UNIVERSITYOF ILLINOIS engineers who are interested in heterogeneous catalysis. URBANA,ILLINOIS AMERICAN CYAXAMID COMPANY STANFORD LABORATORIES 1937 WEST MAIXSTREET H . H. STORCH STAMFORD. CONN.
BOOKS RECEIVED Organo-metallic Compounds. BY G. E. COATES,M.A., D.Sc., F.R.I.C., Professor of Chemistry in the University of Durham. John U‘iley and Sons, Inc., 440 Fourth Avenue, New York 16, S. Y. 1956. viii 197 pp. 13 X 19 cm. Price, $2.50. This little book deals with organometallic compounds, defined as substances containing a metal to carbon bond. Alkoxides and other compounds in which metal atoms are bonded to organic systems via oxygen, nitrogen or sulfur, and which are often referred to as organometallic compounds, are excluded. A further restriction on the scope of the book is the entire omission of the organic chemistry of silicon, phosphorus and arsenic, on the reasonable grounds t h a t their inclusion in a book of this size would impair the treatment of the other elements. T h e author deals with the compounds of the alkali metals, and of the elements of Groups 11, 111 and IV, of antimony and bismuth, and of the transition elements. Whilst the book is written in a rather terse style and is not particularly readable, it is, however, well worth close study, since i t contains a wealth of information and the large numbers of rcferwccs to the origitial literature given at the end of the chapters, altliuugh not exhaustive, are iiiost useful.
+
M a y 10, 1957-June 10, 1957 C. H. BAMFORD, Chairman. “Symposium on Techniques in Polymer Science.” Lectures, Monographs and Reports, 1956. No. 5. The Royal Institute of Chemistry, 30, Russell Square, London, W. C. 1, England. 1956. 79 pp. $1.15. CALVINCALMONand T . R . E . KRESSMAN(Edited by). “Ion Exchangers in Organic and Biochemistry.” Intcrscience Publishers, Inc. 250 Fifth Avenue, Xew York 1, N. Y., 1957. 761 pp. $15.00. HAROLDGOMESCASSIDY. “Fundamentals of Chromatography.” Volume X . Technique of Organic Chemistry. Editor: Arnold Weissberger. Interscience Publishers, Inc., 250 Fifth Avenue, New York 1, X. Y. 1957. 447 pp. $9.75.
E. J. CRANE,Director and E!itor, L 4M . PATTERSOX ~ ~ ~ A N D ELEANOR B. MARR. A Guide to the Literature of Chemistry.” Secund Edition. John ii’iley and Sons, Inc., 440 Fourth Xveutic, S e w York 16, N. Y. 1957. 897 pp. t9.5U.
~
~
