summruy of molecular sieve properties, their behavior as ionic sieves, exchange equilibria and kinetics. This chapter would he better if it included data on moleoular sieve 13X and references to the more recent literature. I t is already somewhat out of date. Chapter 4 is on the heteropolyacid salts and is largely concerned with ammonium molybdophosphate. The separation of cesium is discussed. The largest section, Chapter 5, is on hydrous oxides and insoluble salts, and is concerned mainly with airconium oxide and zirconium phosphate. Inorganic ion exchangers in water purification systems and ion exchange membranes are treated very briefly. With the exception of a brief discussion in the introduction, the first ~ynthetioinorganic materials of the permutite type are not discussed. It appeared to this reviewer that the literature wverage is inconsistent; the chapter on hydrous oxides is the heat documented and contains the most recent references. The book is well illustrated and well written. AIthough it is intended to serve as a guide to the subject of inorganic ion exchangers, it should he welcomed by anyone interested in the mhject. Small in size, it is a big book in terms of content. In summary, this little monogrsph is a. fine addition to the series "Topics in Inorganic and General Chemistry!' D. W. BRECK U n i a Carbide Corp. Tavytoum, New York
Principles and Methods of Chemical Analysis
Harold F. Wallon, University of Colorado, Boulder. 2nd ed. Prentice-Hall, Inc., Englewood Cliffs, New Jersey, 1964. m i 484 pp. Figs. and tables. 16 X 23.5 cm. $10.95.
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The author claims in the preface that "This book is about the 'chemistry' in analytical chemistry!' He goes on to state that "The 'chemistry' in analytical chemistry has developed greatly since the first edition of this book appeared in 1952. As a result the h o k has had to be extensively revised. New chapters have been added on precipitation from homogeneous solution, solvent extraction, aeidbase titrations in nonaqueous solvents, and linear titration methods, and sections on complexometric titrations and ionexchange separations have been rewritten. To save space the earlier chapter on electrolytic methods of analysis has been dropped (though same of its wntents have been incorporated into Chapter 22) and material on some of the older chemical methods has been omitted or curtailed." Chapters 1, 2 and 3 on Solubility, Physical Form, and Impurities in Prcipitates are a h & identical with the lirst three chapters of the first edition p u b lished in 1952. The last section of Chapter 3 in the fimt edition, an Pncipitation from Homogeneous Solutions, has
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been expanded into a chapter in the second edition. Chapter 5, Drying and Ignition of Precipitat,es, appears to he very similar to Chapter 4 by the same title in the earlier edition. Chapter 6 on Organic Precipitants and Extractants has been expanded and improved. Brief discussions of the 1,lO-phenanthrolines and related compounds and of charge transfer spectra have been added. Chapter 8 on Ion Exchange in Analytical Chemistry has been improved by rewriting. Chapter 9 on Separations by Vaporisation and Exbractions in the first edition has been expanded into two chapters. Chapter 9 on Separations by Vaporieation is very much like the previous presentation. However, an interesting and informative discussion of the Schaniger method has been added. The discussion of Seoaratiions hv Solvent Extraction has a definite improvement over the previous edition. Additional topics such as Liquid Ion Exchangers and the Craig Counter-Current Extraction Method have been included. However, it is very diappointing to find only one sentence devoted to organophosphorus compounds other than tributyl phosphate. A discussion of the chemistry and applications of tri-n-octylphosphine oxide (TOPO) and related neutral bifunctional organophosphorus compounds should certainly have been included. Chapters 11 and 12 on Titrimetric Analysis and Oxidation-Reduction Potentials, respectively, have not been changed significantly. (Even the same error appears on p. 212 as was present in the first edition.) Chapter 13 on Methods of Potentiometric Titration has been expanded and improved as has Chapter 14 on AcidBase Titrations. Chaoter 15 on Acid-Base Titrstions in ~ b n a ~ i w Solvents us is new and represents a significant improvement aver the previous sketchy presentation. Chapters 16, 17, 18, 19 and 20 on AcidBase Indicators, Oxidation-Reduction Titrations, Titrimetrie Oxidation-Reduo tion Methods in Organic Chemistry, Oxidation-Reduction Indiestors, and Precipitation Titrations, respectively, r e main essentially unchanged. Chapter 21 on Complex-Forming Titrstions has been expanded, especially the discussion of Titration with Chelating Agents. The final chapter on Linear Titration Methods is good and includes much of the material ppreviously disoussed under the chapter headings of Electrolytic Methods of Analysis and Conductometric Titrations. The word "sampling" is not even mentioned in the Subject Index and does not appear to he discussed in the text. I t is not clear why the author chose ta completely neglect such an important subject as sampling. This second edition is a definite improvement over the first and should find acceptance as a textbook for advanced undergraduates or for an introductory course at the graduate level. Caanms V. BANKS Iowa Slate University Ames
Solubilities of Inorganic and Organlc Compounds. Volume 2, Ternary and Multicomponent Systems, Part 2
Edited by If. Stephn and T . Stephen. Macmillan Co. ( a Pergamon Press hook), New York, 1964. 1106 pp. Tables. 15 X 22.5 cm. $28.50. This volume is part of a comprehensive survey of the solubility of elements and compounds. Volume 2 is limited to ternary and multiwmponent systems. All data, are presented in table form. Compounds are named by the IUPAC system, and extensive indexing facilitates easy reference. J.V.D.
Molecular Complexes in Organic Chemistry
Lawrence J . Andrews and Raymond M . Keefer, both of the University of California, Davis. Holden-Day, Ina., San 196 pp. Figs. Francisco, 1964. viii and tables. 18 X 25.5 em. S.75.
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The imnortance of molecular wmnlexes and the poetilble s~arufic.mrewhich' they n r x play ul several tl~acipl~nesof che~niatry Ld probablv uot uq fu~niliorro or ir~nlerntood by researchers as may he desired. In view of the active research cmied out over the past several y e m in this area, the appemance of books devoted to this subject is lone overdue. The names of Andrews and I k f w nre read3y fauuliar to workers in thi9 area, aud 10 light of them scieul~fic cuutrtbutiuls they tilwuld be well qunl~fird to write such a hook. The title of the hook implies that the material is restricted to organic chemistry. Although it may have been written primarily with organic chemists needs in mind, there are many inorganic wmppondds discussed which form molecular wmplexes. Furthermore, applications of complex formation and their pomible significance to numerous fields such as biochemistry, catalysis and kinetics, spectroscopy and polymers are discussed to varied degrees throughout the hook. From the variety of molecular complexes which can farm in solution (possibly to some extent in the gas phase), it seems that it is difficult to avoid moleeulrtr wsaciation of some form in moat all chemical systems. For this reason it is necessary that all chemists he a t least familiar with the subject. The book being reviewed is a. good first start in this endeavor, hut not complete in itself. In one sense the title may be misleading in that o n b so-called donor-acceptor or charge transfer complexes are considered by the authors. Other types or classifications of inter- and intra-molecular interaction, such as hydrogen bonding, have
not been included except where they obviously can be considered from a donoracceptor standpoint. There appeer to be two general objectives of the book: ( I ) acquaint the reader with the general mpects of molecular complexes with regards to means of detection, extent of complex formation, and elucidation of structure, and (2) review the function of donor-acceptor molecular complex formation to various phases of organic chemistry and reaction mechanisms. The first five chapters, which deal with the former objective, constitute roughly 70% of the book, whereas only the remaining 30y0 covers the latter topic. Most all of the material in the first five chapters is covered ins. more mathematioal and rigorous manner in G. Briegleb's book, "Molekulverhindungen und Koordinationsverhindungen in Einzeldsrstellugen: Elektronen-Donator-Aceepto~~Komplexe." The authors suggest this reference for a more exhaustive survey and this reviewer would quite agree that thie would he necessary in order to obtsin a deeper understanding of the fundamental concepts. Andrews and Keefer, writing for organic chemists, have covered the subject with a minimum amount of mathematics. One frequently questions whether a subject is made easier to comprehend or more confusing by eliminating the mathematical development. Possibly a compromise could be reached which would treat the subject more rigorously without the laborious detail of Briegleb's presentation. The latter objective mentioned above is covered in thelast chapter of the book. I t appears to be well done and one might wish to see this expanded considerably if new editions are anticipated. The book irr not free of errors, but fortunately many of these are typographical and are obviously corrected. More serious is an error or confusion in equations 5-8 on pp. 25-26 where [ I are used to represent initial concentrations of A and D before complex formation, but [DA] represents the actual concentration of thecomplex. Inequation (8), (C~)ishould be [Ali and more appropriately, although not in error, (Co)i should be replaced by [Dli. Still more confusing ZD and ZA are used to repreeent initial concentrations of D and A in Chapter 1V. The ionierttion potentials for the highly methyl-suhstituted benzenes are now available and graphs (e.g., p. 95) relating the number of alkyl groups with a molecular complex parameter should be changed to a. relationship with ionization potentid. Graphs or spectra could be used in several places to support statements such as "a correlation exists" or "an effect is observed." In conclusion the hook is recommended as an initial introduction to the eubject but the serious student or research investigator should not he content with thin treatment. Briegleb's hook, Mulliken and Person's chapter in Ann. Rev. Phw. Chem., other review articlea and original references should he consulted. The book could he read by advanced seniors and first year graduate students.
Organic Complexing Reagents: Structure, Behavior, and Application to Inorganic Analysis
D. D. Pewin, Australian National University, Csnberm. Interscience Publishers (a division of John Wiley and Sons, Inc.), New York, 1964. xi 365 pp. Figs. and tables. 15.5 X 23.5 cm. $12.
Analytied Properties of the Elements are discussed in Chapters 12 and 13, respectively. The final chapter is devoted to Seeking New Organic Reagents for Use in Inornanic Analvsis.
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Volume 18 is an addition to the impreaeive series of monagraphsonChemica1Analysis edited by P. J. Elving and I. M. Kolthoff. This volume is almost unique smong books on chemical analysis in that it places great emphasis on basic principles rather than the "cook-book" approach so often encountered even today. The author makes the following statement in the preface: "The need for a fundamental approach to chemical analysis is evident from the important relation between theory and practice in every piece of research aimed a t improving existing analytical methods, discovering new ones, or adapting known methods to special problems. A sound knowledge of the thwree icd basis of chemical reactions used in analysis undoubtedly places the investigator in a far stronger position in developing new methods." Following a rather short introduction, the author devotes Chapter 2 to a discussion of Chemical Bonds. Adequate, but not extensive, treatment is given to the electrostatic, valence band, molecular oribital and ligand-field theories of chemical bonding. Chapter 3 is concerned with Stereochemistry and Stability of Metal Complexes. Such topics as ligand6eld effects, polarizshility and covalent character, steric effects, stability constants of metal complexes, thermodynamics of complex formation and the chelate effect are discussed. Chapter 4 on the Effects of Complex Formation on Oxidation-Reduction Patentials is very well done. Chapter 5 deals with Factors Governing the Rates of Formation and Dissociation of Complexes, and also their Rates of Oxidation and Reduction. Chapter 6 is devoted to Effects of Complex-Forming Species on Cation Concentrations. In addition to a good treatment of such subjects ss hydrolysis effects and complexometric titrations, rather extensive tables are included which list most of the common masking agents for many of the cations and anions. Chapter 7 includes discussions of adsorption indicators, ion exchange, chromatography and polarography of metd complexes under the general title of Surface Phenomena. Chapter 8 is devoted to Visible and Ultraviolet Absorption Spectra of Metal Complexes, and Chapter 9 is concerned with the Solubility of Complexes. Chapter 9 is one of the better chapters and after a fairly detailed discue aim of solubility, closes with an interesting discussion of factors governing the seleotion of a precipitant for inorganic cations. Extraction into Organic Solvents is the subject matter of Chapter 10 and Reaotions of Organic Reagents with Inorganic W. E. WENTW~RTH Anions is diacusaed in Chapter 11. ProUniversity of Houston cedures for Detecting and Determining Howion, Tezas Inorganic Neutral Molecules and the
noted, however, e.g., a misplaced parenthesis in the equation on p. 58 and the lower curve in Figure 4.2 should he labeled Cu1L2. A few inconsistencies in nomenclature appear in the book, e.g., -,a'hipyridine and 2,2'-bipyridine as well as 1,lO-phenanthroline and o-phenanthrolme. The book is a welcome addition to the literature of analytical chemistry. Every analytical chemist with a serious desire to better understand the chemistry of analytical chemistry will want a copy of this hook in his library. C a m s V. BANKS Zmua State University
Ames
The Life of the Cell
J . A . V. Butler, University of London. Basic Books. Inc.. New York. 1965. 167 pp. ~ i i s . and tables. i4.5 X 21.5 cm. $4.50. This book by Professor Butler deals in a most intriguing fashion with the story of l i f e h o w it succeeds now, and bow it may have arisen, here on earth and elsewhere in the solar system. I t is very readable, and understandable by otherwise well-read persons, including those beyond the sophomore level of college. I t should be a welcome addition for the bookshelves of students in biochemistry, biology, and biophysics, as well as selected students in organic chemistry and the physical sciences. Dr. Butler demonstrates repeatedly his ability to present his material in interesting and learnable fashion by frequently injecting the latest research findings intohis developing story. This is made more interesting by him by adroitly suspending discussion or changing to another subject a t strategic moments, meanwhile leaving some important questions unanawered, awaiting the outcome of appropriate research. The stimulus that this book should provide to well-qualified young minds should be very great. To the older person who may wonder about current developments in the field, espec i d y when these are compmd to the immense strides that are taking place in other fields (such as engineering sciences), this hook is reassuring. The rate of accretion of information about life is very great indeed. Technically, "The Life of the Cell" is very readable, although it is a trifle disappointing. This reader has been subjected to the writines of several Britons kho are real masters of the written word and who are sympbanists by comparison. The hook suffers slightly from too casual reading of proof and accompanying grammatical and spelling "slips!' Also, the slight difference between British and American spelling and language structure
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