This ADVERTISEMENT prepared by EMERY INDUSTRIES, INC, WAVENUMBER 5C00 4000
3000
2500
2GÔS
15G0 14QQ 13QD 1200
IN KAYSERS 1100
700
80O
900
100O
650
100
100
90
90
80
80
70
70
60
60
50
50
40
40 30 20 10
12
7 8 9 10 WAVELENGTH IN MICRONS
13
15
16
Even infra-red specirophofon^îrîc analysis aoesn"î îeii i n e complete story o f iae u n i q u e a n d still elusive structure o f dimer a c i d .
Unusual dibasic acid spurs n e w research Dimer acid, i n constantly increasing production by Emery Industries, Inc., is one of t h e most intriguing materials to come out of the fatty acid field in 0|uite some time. Already, dimer acid lias inspired over 160 use patents in the realms of resins, polymers and polyesters. And, according t o industry experts, these achievements just barely scratch the surface of the potential represented by dimer's u n i q u e s t r u c t u r e , sutrprisingly low cost and ready availability. Empol 1022 is Emery's "•"standard" mixture of dimer and trimer acid, approximately 75% and 25% respectively. Although these proportions seem to meet most needs, other combinations within the limits of 95% dimer and S5% trimer are nyulr*V»lo ^r» a develoornerit basis Because of its 3 6 carbon atom structure, the molecular weight of 5 7 8 for dimer acid is very high compared to the range of 116 to 2 0 0 for the more common dibasic acids (maleic, phthalic, ncîipic. azeîaic. s e b a c i c ) . Furthermore, contrary to what might b e expected from its high molecular weight amd the solid n a t u r e of o t h e r dibasics, d i m e r is a liquid. This combination of high molecular weight and liquid nature makes dimer acid an intriguing dibasic acid for new product research. τ\:
»„ - C J . — ^ — . Λ „ . Λ ι .
J^:,^^..
η„:Α
is even more a chemical anomaly. With three acid groups, 54 carbons and a mo lecular weight of about 845, trimer is
certainly a commercial rarity. And from the standpoint of research, t h e three acid groups suggest investigations in poly meric type reactions t o form three d i mension polymers of high bulk. Though the structure of the dibasic acid in Empol 1022 h a s not been defi nitely established, this formula represents its general nature. R1 HOOC-R-CH
R2 CH-R3-C0OH
T h e shaded area represents an undeter mined linkage which could be as simple as a single carbon-to-carbon bond or as complex as a cyclic structure. The R groups are probably straight-chain h y drocarbons, not necessarily of t h e same chain length. O n e o r more of these groups may contain unsaturation. How ever, this imsaturation appears t o be in hibited as indicated b y the slower rate, or by the incompleteness of such reac tions as hydrogénation, sulfation, a n d maleic a n h y d r i d e condensations. A n d , this very inactivity makes dimer very stable and resistant to high temperatures. Thus far the greatest commercial utilization of Empol 1022 to d a t e is based on reactions of the carboxyl groups as in most common dibasic acids. For example, —i... kr —
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