Research
Environmental Processes 4103
Characterization of Natural and Affected Environments
Correlating Selective Supercritical Fluid Extraction with Bioremediation Behavior of PAHs in a Field Treatment Plot
4051
SFE performed under mild conditions mimics tiie removal of PAHs from contaminated soil during 1 year of bioremediation.
Decreasing Mercury in Northern Wisconsin: Temporal Patterns in Bulk Precipitation and a Precipitation-Dominated Lake C. J. Watras, K. A. Morrison, R. J. M. Hudson, T. M. Frost, and T. K. Kratz
Bulk precipitation and lake water show decreasing mercury concentrations during the 1990s.
4058 Direct Atmospheric Inputs versus Runoff Fluxes of Mercury to the Lower Everglades and Florida Bay Woo-Jun Kang, John H. Trefry, Terry A. Nelsen, and Harold R. Wanless
Inputs of Hg from direct atmospheric deposition versus runoff are determined using sediment data and a mass-balance model for excess 210Pb.
4064
Steven B. Hawthorne and Carol B. Grabanski
4111 FT-IR Kinetic and Product Study of the OH Radical-Initiated Oxidation of 1-Pentanol Fabrizia Cavalli, Ian Barnes, and Karl Heinz Becker
Atmospheric reaction mechanism for OH radical-initiated photooxidation of 1-pentanol is derived from a smog chamber FT-IR kinetic and product study.
4117 Synergistic Catalysis of Dimetilan Hydrolysis by Metal Ions and Organic Ligands Ching-Hua Huang and Alan T. Stone
Complexation with organic ligand iV-(2-hydroxyethyl)ethylenediamine enhances the catalytic effects of Cu11 and Zn ions on the hydrolysis of the insecticide dimetilan.
Urban Sprawl Leaves Its PAH Signature Peter C. Van Metre, Barbara J. Mahler, and Edward T. Furlong
4123
PAH trends in urban water bodies are investigated using sediment cores, and their relation to land use and vehicle use is assessed.
Use of Isotopic Dilution Techniques To Assess the Mobilization of Nonlabile Cd by Chelating Agents in Phytoremediation
4071
Katrena G. Stanhope, Scott D. Young, Julian J. Hutchinson, and Roopa Kamath
Development of Semi- and Nonvolatile Organic Halogen as a New Hazardous Index of Flue Gas Mika Kato, Kohei Urano, and Tomohiro Tasaki
Isotopic dilution with 109Cd is used to determine whether there is mobilization of "fixed" soil Cd in chelate-assisted phytoremediation.
The measuring method of SNVOX as a new hazardous index was developed for controlling flue gas, and the correlations to PCDDs/Fs or Cl4_6BZs are shown.
Environmental Technology
4076
4128
A Model of PCB Fate in the Upper Hudson River
Simultaneous Recovery of Metals and Destruction of Organic Species: Cobalt and Phthalic Acid
John P. Connolly, Harry A. Zahakos, Jennifer Benaman, C. Kirk Ziegler, James R. Rhea, and Kevin Russell
John D. Donaldson, Abdul J. Chaudhary, Susan M. Grimes, and Mukhtar-UI Hassan
State-of-the-science modeling provides important insights regarding PCB fate at a complex contaminated sediment site and the capability to determine the likely efficacy of potential remedial options.
A photolytic-electrochemical system for simultaneous metal recovery and destruction of organic contaminants is illustrated for pH-independent cobalt recovery and destruction of PA.
• 4088
4133
Relating Liquid Fuel and Headspace Vapor Composition for California Reformulated Gasoline Samples Containing Ethanol
Use of Amphiphilic Polymer Particles for In Situ Extraction of Sorbed Phenanthrene from a Contaminated Aquifer Material
Robert A. Harley, Shannon C. Coulter-Burke, and T. S. Yeung
Ju-Young Kim, Claude Cohen, Michael L. Shuler, and Leonard W. Lion
As use of MTBE in gasoline is phased out, we may rely more heavily on ethanol, which exhibits highly nonideal behavior in solution with gasoline hydrocarbons.
A new approach in the field of chemical-enhanced soil remediation based on the use of cross-linked polymer nanoparticles is presented.
4095
4140
Comparing Polychlorinated Biphenyl Concentrations and Patterns in the Saginaw River Using Sediment, Caged Fish, and Semipermeable Membrane Devices
C0 2 Sequestration at Sea by Gas-Lift System of Shallow Injection and Deep Releasing
Kathy R. Echols, Robert W. Gale, Ted R. Schwartz, James N. Huckins, Lisa L. Williams, John C. Meadows, Douglas Morse, Jimmie D. Petty, Carl E. Orazio, and Donald E. Tillitt
Sediment, caged fish, and semipermable membrane devices are used with models to estimate water PCB congener concentrations and patterns from sites in the Saginaw River.
Takayuki Saito, Takeo Kajishima, and Ryuichi Nagaosa
Performance and feasibility of a newly developed technology for ocean sequestration of C0 2 gas based on gas lift pump are experimentally and computationally discussed. • Supporting Information is available free of charge via the Internet at http://pubs.acs.org. OCTOBER 1, 2000 / ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / NEWS • 4 0 5 A
4146
Environmental Modeling
Determination of Effluent Reduction and Capital Cost Targets through Pinch Technology
4199
Duncan M. Fraser and Nick Hallale
The methods lead to an impact diagram, based on the problem data without doing any designs, which shows realistic investment required versus effluent reduction.
4152 Field-Scale Demonstration of Enhanced MTBE Bioremediation through Aquifer Bioaugmentation and Oxygenation Joseph P. Salanitro, Paul C. Johnson, Gerard E. Spinnler, Paul M. Maner, Halina L. Wisniewski, and Cristin Bruce
The application of oxygen sparging and injection of an MTBE-degrading culture into the Port Hueneme aquifer was tested as a biobarrier to an MTBE plume.
A Physiologically Based Biotic Ligand Model for Predicting the Acute Toxicity of Waterborne Silver to Rainbow Trout in Freshwaters James C. McGeer, Richard C. Playle, Chris M. Wood, and Fernando Galvez
A mechanistic biotic ligand model for predicting acute silver toxicity is developed for rainbow trout using physiologically based silver-gill relationships.
4208 Site-Specific A Priori Cancer Risk Estimator for Mixtures and Multiple Sources: Net Excess Relative Odds James Argo
4163
Long-term seasonal records of wind speed and direction are combined with known point sources of air pollutants to estimate the minimum risk of cancer at residential sites.
Immobilization of Chromate from Coal Fly Ash Leachate Using an Attenuating Barrier Containing Zerovalent Iron
4214 Downwind Distribution of All-Cancer Relative Risk about a Point Source: Single Source with Reactive and Unreactive Plumes
Thomas Astrup, S. L S. Stipp, and Thomas H. Christensen
A permeable barrier containing Fe(0) can permanently remove Cr(VI) from coal ash leachates and may be an alternative to traditional liners and leachate collection systems.
James Argo
4169
An evaluation of the risk of cancer downwind from steel furnaces, petroleum refineries, and pulp mills is given.
Performance Evaluation of a Zerovalent Iron Reactive Barrier: Mineralogical Characteristics
Environmental Measurements Methods
D. H. Phillips, B. Gu, D. B. Watson, Y. Roh, L. Liang, and S. Y. Lee
Mineral precipitates, corrosion, and cementation are examined in material from an in situ field scale Fe° reactive barrier at the Y-12 plant site, Oak Ridge, TN.
4221 Detection of Nitrous Acid by Cavity Ring-Down Spectroscopy
4177
Liming Wang and Jingsong Zhang
Recycling of Hazardous Solid Waste Material Using High-Temperature Solar Process Heat. 1. Thermodynamic Analysis
Sensitive detection of gaseous nitrous acid (HONO) by cavity ring-down spectroscopy (CRDS) in the near-UV spectral region has been demonstrated.
Beatrice Schaffner, Wolfgang Hoffelner, Haiyan Sun, and Aldo Steinfeld
4228
Thermochemical conversion of hazardous solid waste materials into valuable commodities via sustainable material cycles is investigated using concentrated solar radiation for hightemperature process heat.
4185 Precipitates in a Cr(VI)-Contaminated Concrete Carl D. Palmer
Electron microscopy is used to identify several precipitates including chromate ettringite and chromate hydrocalumite in chromium-contaminated concrete.
4193 New Indoor Carpet as an Adsorptive Reservoir for Volatile Organic Compounds Doyun Won, Richard L. Corsi, and Mike Rynes
Carpet can remove, but also prolong the residence time of, VOCS in indoor air, with sorptive interactions affected by VOC properties and differing carpet components.
Geostatistical Interpolation of Positively Skewed and Censored Data in a Dioxin-Contaminated Site Hirotaka Saito and Pierre Goovaerts
Performances of geostatistical algorithms for prediction and classification of dioxin data characterized by an asymmetric histogram and 27% of censored observations are compared.
4236 Concentrations and Profiles of Polychlorinated Naphthalene Congeners in Eighteen Technical Polychlorinated Biphenyl Preparations Nobuyoshi Yamashita, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Takashi Imagawa, Akira Miyazaki, and John P. Giesy
Concentrations and profiles of polychlorinated naphthalenes are measured in eighteen technical polychlorinated biphenyl mixtures and emissions of PCNs from PCB mixtures are estimated.
4242 Direct 3-D Measurement of the Flow Velocity in Porous Media Using Magnetic Resonance Tomography Thomas Baumann, Rainer Petsch, and Reinhard Niessner
Diffusion coefficients and flow velocities are measured with a spatial resolution of 1.3 mm and in good agreement with theoretical and modeled data.
4 0 6 A • OCTOBER 1, 2000 / ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCE & TECHNOLOGY / NEWS
Correspondence
4255
4249
Comment on "Integrated Chemical-Biological Treatment of Benzo[a]pyrene"
Comment on "Irreversible Adsorption of Chlorinated Benzenes to Natural Sediments: Implications for Sediment Quality Criteria" Richard Griffiths and Charles R. Allison
4250 Response to Comment on "Irreversible Adsorption of Chlorinated Benzenes to Natural Sediments: Implications for Sediment Quality Criteria"
Hans-Rudolf Buser, Thomas Poiger, and Markus D. Müller
4256 Response to Comment on "Integrated Chemical-Biological Treatment of Benzo[d]pyrene" Yu Zeng, P. K. Andrew Hong, and David A. Wavrek
Additions and Corrections
W. Chen, A. T. Kan, and M. B. Tomson
4258 4252 Comments on "Effects of Reducing Lead in Gasoline: An Analysis of the International Experience"
Integrated Chemical-Biological Treatment of Benzo[a]pyrene Yu Zeng, P. K. Andrew Hong, and David A. Wavrek
Roy M. Harrison and Martin Whelan
4254 Response to Comments on "Effects of Reducing Lead in Gasoline: An Analysis of the International Experience" Valerie M. Thomas, Robert H. Socolow, James J. Fanelli, and Thomas G. Spiro
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