NEW PRODUCTS FOR ANALYSTS Equipment, Apparatus, Instruments, Reagent Materials L i q u i d O r g a n i c Silicates
sample. T h i s fact, combined with t h e v e r y low b a c k g r o u n d (16 t o 18 counts per m i n u t e ) which in p a r t is t h e result of t h e h e a v y lead shielding, further increases t h e sensitivity of this flow counter. 2
D e v e l o p m e n t of a new g r o u p of organic silicates which will remain liquid over a n extremely wide t e m p e r a t u r e range h a s been a n n o u n c e d b y Oronite Chemical C o . These materials contain silicon—as do t h e a l r e a d y established a n d b e t t e r k n o w n silicones—but h a v e different chemical composition a n d properties. Some of Oronite's silicates are liquid over a t e m p e r a t u r e range of —100° t o m o r e t h a n 700° F . A m o n g their possible applications: h e a t transfer liquids, lubricants, surface coatings, a n d polishes. T h e fluids can be tailor-made t o achieve m a x i m u m efficiency for each job. 1
Safety G o g g l e s T w o completely revised a n d improved series of safety goggles-—7000 a n d 3081 series—have been announced b y t h e American Optical Co. T h e 7000 series m e t a l safety goggles provide m a x i m u m eye protection, along with rugged construction, rigid N saddle bridge, a n d rein ' _ ^ " forcing bar for extra A;:,. . .: ; 4::j;o; •'• ~\ \ strength. Temples now jgjg , _' h a v e brown t u b i n g which c a n n o t discolor a n d will outlast t h e life of t h e t e m ple. A new feature allows t h e lenses t o be replaced without removing side shields. T h e 3081 series h a s t h e s a m e s t u r d y construction a n d t h e same new design features. Side shields of soft leather provide comfortable p r o t e c t i o n against h e a t a n d cold, flying particles, a n d light. B o t h goggles can b e o b t a i n e d with clear or Calobar a n d regular or 6-curve lenses. 3
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W i n d o w l e s s F l o w Counter T r a c e r l a b is offering its S C - 1 6 windowless flow counter, a low-background r a d i a t i o n counter designed for operation in either t h e Geiger or proportional regions. T h e i n s t r u m e n t is essentially a shielded counter t u b e into which solid samples are directly inserted a n d t h r o u g h which a c o n s t a n t gas flow is m a i n t a i n e d t o p r e v e n t air c o n t a m i n a t i o n . T h e a b sence of even t h e t h i n n e s t window b e tween t h e sample a n d t h e counting c h a m ber m a k e s this i n s t r u m e n t particularly useful for t h e detection a n d m e a s u r e m e n t of alpha-radiation a n d of weak b e t a radiation, such as t h a t e m i t t e d b y carbon 14 a n d sulfur 35. I t also permits m o r e efficient counting of low-activity r a d i a t i o n from v e r y dilute samples.
Double Monochromator T h e double m o n o c h r o m a t o r offered b y t h e C e n t r a l Research Laboratories dissects white light i n t o n a r r o w - b a n d c o m p o n e n t s of h i g h spectral p u r i t y . I t furnishes radiation in a n y p o r t i o n of t h e spectral range from a p p r o x i m a t e l y 1400 A. in t h e ultraviolet t o 25 microns in t h e infrared. This range is covered in several overlapping steps b y m e a n s of i n t e r c h a n g e able optical elements fabricated from glass, q u a r t z , a n d v a r i ous s y n t h e t i c optical crystals. T h e s e optical elements con sist of aspheric collimator lenses in prefocused interchangeable m o u n t i n g s a n d m a t c h e d dispersing prisms of t h e s a m e optical m a t e r i a l as t h e lenses. T h e e n t r a n c e a n d exit slits are fixed in position, as are t h e
A u n i q u e feature is t h e three-position r o t a t i n g platform, which h a s t h r e e recesses for holding standard-size s a m p l e containers, such as planchets a n d brass rings a n d disks for filter paper. One position is for sample loading, one for preflushing, a n d t h e t h i r d for counting. T h e platform is a d v a n c e d one position when a sample is t o b e changed. T h e m e a s u r e m e n t of t h e next sample can begin with no waiting t i m e because all t h e air will a l r e a d y h a v e been flushed o u t while t h e sample is located in t h e i n t e r m e d i a t e position. T h e end-on t u b e construction results in 2ir geometry, which is t h e m a x i m u m possible geometrical efficiency for a flat
TECHNICAL DATA ANALYTICAL
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MARCH
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1951
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30 A entrance and exit collimators, so that the aperture ratio re mains constant a t / / 4 . 5 over the entire spectral range. Wave length selection and focusing are accomplished simultaneously by the straight-line motion of a carriage carrying the curved center slit, by ahgning the optical axes of the intermediate collimators with the light path, and by rotating the prisms to maintain minimum deviation. An electrically reversible synchronous motor drive is provided for wave-length control. Carriage speeds of 0.05, 0.10, 0.20, 0.50, 1.0, and 2.0 mm. per minute are obtainable. Two general-purpose optical systems are available for this instrument : a light source mounting and motor-driven chop per assembly, utilizing a spherical mirror to give a half-size image of the source on the entrance slit; and a detector as sembly with an adjustable ellipsoidal mirror forming a six times reduced image of the exit slit a t a thermocouple or bolometer detector, and providing a mounting table for the experimental objects. Special external optical systems can be designed to meet particular requirements. The over-all dimensions of the instrument housing are : length, 25.5 inches ; width, 15 inches; and height, 13.5 inches. 4 Beaker with Handle Requests for a better means of handling large beakers have been answered by Corning Glass Works, which announced a -.-,—_ __ new 3000-ml. borosilicate glass beaker with a sturdy glass handle. Because the handle can be firmly gripped, the danger of dropping a beaker of hot liquid is minimized. The glass handle is attached by a stainless steel band, which also acts as a protective collar. Handles and bands are easily removed and are interchange able. Chemically stable and resistant to thermal and physical shock, the handled beaker has a heavily beaded top rim to prevent chipping. 5 Stainless Steel Hose Allied Metal Hose Co. has developed a new type of stainless steel hose for use where extreme temperatures, high corrosivity, or high internal pressures are involved. This flexible, corrugated metal hose is fabricated from thin-walled tubing and comes in sizes ranging from 0.25 through 4 inches in internal diameter. The wall thicknesses range from 0.010 inch in the 0.25-inch size to 0.035 inch in the 4-inch size.
ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY This type of hose is made in two patterns having either nor mal or close pitch. The normal pitch hose has a free flexing radius from 10 inches in the 0.25-inch size to 41 inches in the 4-inch size. The close pitch hose has a free flexing radius from 5 inches in the 0.25-inch size to 33 inches in the 4-inch size. 6 Servoscope and Servoboard Produced by the Servo Corp. of America, the Servoscope is a precision analyzer for measuring the response of servomechanism systems and components to sinusoidally modulated corrier and low-frequency a.c. signals. The Servoscope is effective over a con tinuously variable fre quency range of 0.1 to 20 cycles per second. In conjunction with a cathode-ray oscilloscope, this instrument may be used to measure the relative am plitude and phase angle of any a.c. or d.c. servo system, servo component, automatic control, or regulator. Primarily de veloped for feedback control systems, the instrument may also be used as a stable generator of low frequency sine and square waves. A.c. carrier frequencies of 50 to 800 cycles per second are accepted to produce sinusoidally modu lated suppressed carrier signals. The Servoboard (see cut) is a set of standard precision me chanical parts, including gears, shafts, bearings, hangers, and mounting plates which, when coupled to the necessary motors, tachometers, synchros, potentiometers, and amplifiers, rapidly builds a flexible experimental mechanical assembly of a servo system, computer, or regulator. 7 Determining Carbon in Steel Savings up to 7 5 % in the time required for making deter minations of carbon in steel are claimed to be possible by the use of Fisher Scientific Co.'s induction carbon apparatus. A compact, self-contained unit replaces the furnace, rheostat, and external combustion train of conventional apparatus. The necessary external equipment consists of a cylinder of oxygen, a carbon dioxide absorption bulb, and a balance. With the new apparatus, carbon determinations can be made routinely in 2.5 minutes, as compared with the 10 minutes frequently required when other types of equipment are used. The new apparatus employs a quartz sample holder and an induction-type coil which heats the sample with radio-fre quency energy. Ignition takes place within 2 minutes. The
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