Subject Index
Downloaded by ILLINOIS INST OF TECHLGY on June 20, 2013 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date (Web): October 18, 2011 | doi: 10.1021/bk-2011-1079.ix002
A
Bacterial virus, 122f Bioavailability, 26 Biodegradation, CNP, 89
transport, 81 CNP, porous media, 81 model simulation, 84 Carbon nanotubes (CNT) microorganisms, 121 oxidization, 87 toxicity, 106 sediment, 106 soil, 107 water, 108 Cation concentration, carbon nanoparticles, 73 Cell mechanisms, 148, 149f Cell membranes, increased mobility, 144 Cell monolayer, 152f Cellular targets, 148, 149f Clean Water Act (CWA), 20t CNP preparation methods, 77 CO2 adsorption, 47f Coating/matrix stability, 28 Colloidal nature, carbon nanoparticles, 70, 72f Colloidal silver, 34f Covalent reactions, CNP, 86 Criteria Maximum Concentration (CMC), 20t Criterion Continuous Concentration (CCC), 20t, 77f
C
E
Cadmium-selenide quantum dots, 122f Carbon capture, nanotechnology applications, 46 Carbon nanoparticles (CNP) aggregation, 70 cation concentration, 73 CNP preparation methods, 77 colloidal nature, 70 NOM effect, 78 pH effect, 75 surface functional groups, 80 valence, 73 environmental implications, 89 overview, 69 sorption, 80 transformation, 86 biodegradation, 89 covalent reactions, 86 surface functional group reactions, 89
Ecotoxicity, 103 Electrochemical microsensors, 161 Electrochemical sensors, 160 Emerging technology risk assessment amplification, 8 information inequality, 10 overview, 1 scope, 5 social risk cycle, 4f social risk heuristic, 2 Emission mitigation, nanotechnology applications, 50 Environmental applications, nanotechnology, 43 air purification, 50 carbon capture, 46 emission mitigation, 50 environmental sensing, 49 fertilizers, 49
Agglomeration rate, 28 Aggregated nanoparticles, 29 Aggregation, 144 carbon nanoparticles, 70 cation concentration, 73 CNP preparation methods, 77 colloidal nature, 70 NOM effect, 78 pH effect, 75 surface functional groups, 80 valence, 73 Ag+ release rate, 27 Air pollution, nanotechnology, 54 Air purification, nanotechnology applications, 50 Aquatic ecosystem, nanotechnology, 53 Aqueous pollutants, nanotechnology, 55 Atomic force microscopy (AFM), 154
B
187 In Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Risk Assessment: Minding and Managing the Potential Threats around Us; Ripp, S., et al.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
Downloaded by ILLINOIS INST OF TECHLGY on June 20, 2013 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date (Web): October 18, 2011 | doi: 10.1021/bk-2011-1079.ix002
pesticides, 49 subsurface remediation, 44 water cleanup, 45 Environmental implications, carbon nanoparticles, 89 Environmental risks, nanotechnology, 51 air pollution, 54 aquatic ecosystem, 53 aqueous pollutants, 55 food web, 52 soil ecosystem, 51 Environmental sensing, nanotechnology applications, 49 EPA exposure limits, silver, 20t Escherichia coli cells, 122f, 124f, 127f Expert elicitation methodology, 25f Ag+ release rate, 27 agglomeration rate, 28 aggregated nanoparticles, 29 bioavailability, 26 coating/matrix stability, 28 experience, 26t exposure risk factors, 27t exposure route dependence, 29 exposure scenario, 31t, 32f hazard product maps, 33 hazard risk factors, 29t, 30t, 31t, 32f knowledge gaps, 36t multiple disposal pathways, 28 particle size, 29 ranked risk factors, 31 susceptible populations, 36t Expert experience, elicitation methodology, 26t Exposure risk factors, nanosilver, 27t Exposure route dependence, 29
F Fertilizers, nanotechnology applications, 49 Food web, nanotechnology, 52 Fullerenes (C60), 90f, 105 Escherichia coli cells, 127f microorganisms, 126 nanoparticles, 122f oxidation, 88 toxicity, 110 aquatic organisms, 112 sediments, 114 soils, 114
G Green fluorescent protein (GFP), 155
H Hazard product maps, 33 Hazard risk factors material properties, 29t material reactivity, 30t material toxicity, 31t Hydrophobic organic chemicals (HOC), 106
I Impedance spectroscopy, studying cells, 150 Industry perspective, silver nanotechnology, 22 Information equality, 12 Information inequality, 10 Integrated Risk Information System (IRIS), 20t
K Knowledge gaps, 36t
L Life cycle analysis (LCA), nanotechnology, 43, 44f
M Material solubility, 144 Metal nanoparticles, 145 Metal-organic framework (MOF), crystal structures, 48f Metal oxide nanoparticles, 146 microorganisms, 129 Microorganisms C60 nanoparticles, 126 CNT, 122 environmental implications, 133 metal oxide nanoparticles, 129 overview, 121
188 In Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Risk Assessment: Minding and Managing the Potential Threats around Us; Ripp, S., et al.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
quantum dots, 131 silver nanoparticles, 128 Model simulation, CNP, 84 Multiple disposal pathways, 28 Multi-walled carbon nanotubes (MWCNT), 105, 122f Escherichia coli cells, 124f
Downloaded by ILLINOIS INST OF TECHLGY on June 20, 2013 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date (Web): October 18, 2011 | doi: 10.1021/bk-2011-1079.ix002
N NaCl concentration, 76f Nanomaterial size, 144 Nanoparticles emerging contaminants, 143 metal, 145 metal oxide, 146 toxicants interactions, 54f Nanotechnology environmental applications, 43 air purification, 50 carbon capture, 46 emission mitigation, 50 environmental sensing, 49 fertilizers, 49 pesticides, 49 subsurface remediation, 44 water cleanup, 45 environmental risks, 51 air pollution, 54 aquatic ecosystem, 53 aqueous pollutants, 55 food web, 52 soil ecosystem, 51 LCA, 43, 44f overview, 42 risk assessment, 141 sensors, 148, 159 uncertainty, 56 Natural colloids, 71f Natural organic matter (NOM), 78 NIOSH exposure limits, silver, 20t NOM effect, carbon nanoparticles, 78
P Particle size, 29 Pesticides, nanotechnology applications, 49 PH effect, carbon nanoparticles, 75, 76f Physicochemical characteristics, nanometals, 33t Porous media, CNP, 81 Priority pollutant, silver, 20t Pseudomonas aeruginosa bacterial cells, 132f Pseudomonas fluorescens bacterial cell, 130f Pseudomonas putida bacterial cell, 128f Publication trends, nanotechnology, 123f Pyramidalization angle, 87f
Q Quantum dots, microorganisms, 131
R Ranked risk factors, 31 Regulatory guidelines, silver nanotechnology, 23 Regulatory perspective, silver nanotechnology, 19 Resource Conservation and Recovery Act (RCRA), 20t Risk assessment emerging technology, 1 scope, 5 uncertainty, nanotechnology, 56 Risk identification, silver nanotechnology, 18 Risk paradigm amplification, 8
S O Organization for Economic Co-operation and Development (OECD), 23 OSHA exposure limits, silver, 20t Oxidant species production, 144
Scientists, social position, 12 Sensors biophysical, 150 cell environment, 148 cell mechanisms, 148, 149f cellular targets, 148, 149f electrochemical, 160 electrochemical microsensors, 161 microfluidic platforms, 149 nanotechnology risk assessment, 159
189 In Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Risk Assessment: Minding and Managing the Potential Threats around Us; Ripp, S., et al.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
Downloaded by ILLINOIS INST OF TECHLGY on June 20, 2013 | http://pubs.acs.org Publication Date (Web): October 18, 2011 | doi: 10.1021/bk-2011-1079.ix002
Silver nanoparticles, 122f microorganisms, 128 pseudomonas putida bacterial cell, 128f Silver nanotechnology expert elicitation methodology, 24 industry perspective, 22 regulatory guidelines, 23 regulatory perspective, 19 risk identification challenges, 18 Silver Nanotechnology Commercial Inventory (SNCI), 24 Silver Nanotechnology Working Group (SSWG), 22 Single-walled carbon nanotubes (SWCNT), 105, 122f common functionalization routes, 91f Escherichia coli cells, 124f HRP-mediated degradation, 90f Social position, scientists, 12 Social risk cycle, 4f Social risk heuristic, 2 Soil ecosystem, nanotechnology, 51 Sorption, carbon nanoparticles, 80 Subsurface remediation, nanotechnology applications, 44 Surface charge, 144 Surface coating, 144 Surface functional groups, CNP, 80, 89 Surface plasmon resonance assay, 153 Susceptible populations, 36t
Toxicants, nanoparticles’ interactions, 54f Toxicity monitoring overview, 141 physico-chemical effect, 143 predictive models, 146 sensors technology, 148 biophysical methods, 150 cell mechanisms, 148 cellular targets, 148 microfluidic platforms, 149 zebrafish embryos, 155 Transformation, carbon nanoparticles, 86 biodegradation, 89 covalent reactions, 86 surface functional group reactions, 89 Transport, carbon nanoparticles, 81 CNP, porous media, 81 model simulation, 84
T
Z
Tetrahydrofuran (THF), 113 Titanium dioxide, pseudomonas fluorescens bacterial cell, 130f Total internal fluorescence microscopy (TIRFM), 153
Zebrafish embryos, 155, 158f Zinc oxide nanoparticles, 122f pseudomonas fluorescens bacterial cell, 130f
V Valence, carbon nanoparticles, 73
W Water cleanup, nanotechnology applications, 45
190 In Biotechnology and Nanotechnology Risk Assessment: Minding and Managing the Potential Threats around Us; Ripp, S., et al.; ACS Symposium Series; American Chemical Society: Washington, DC, 2011.
