The Dearborn Conference R. H . McCarroll, chemist of t h e Ford M o t o r Co., then adNITIATED by the Chemical Foundation, Inc., and held u n d e r dressed t h e conference on "Increasing t h e Use of Agricultural t h e joint auspices of the president of the American F a r m P r o d u c t s in t h e Automotive I n d u s t r y , " devoting his p a p e r parB u r e a u Federation, t h e master of t h e National G r a n g e , t h e ticularly t o w h a t h a s been done in t h e use of t h e soy bean, soypresident of the Chemical Foundation, I n c . , a n d the chairman bean oil, a n d t h e press cake, in obtaining of t h e National Agricultural Conference, raw materials for t h e m a n u f a c t u r e of agriculture, industry, and science through m a n y parts in t h e present VS. Unforrepresentatives met a t Dearborn, Mich., tunately, Louis J . Taber, master of t h e M a y 7 a n d 8. Vhe c h a i r m a n of t h e Com, ^ National Grange, was unable t o be in a t m i t t e e on Arrangements, Carl B. Fritsche, tendance, b u t his paper o n "Our Greatest a n d his staff carefully prepared all details, Economic T r i n i t y " was presented b y C. C . and the conference, w i t h over two hundred Cogswell, master of t h e S t a t e Granges of in attendance, included m a n y important Kansas. in agriculture, in t h e various industries, T h e evening session began with a comin science, and i n t h e organizations repreplimentary dinner, for which F r a n c i s P . senting these interests. Garvan was t h e host. T h e speakers were T h e purpose of t h e conference -was t o Earl C. Smith, a director of the American survey t h e variety of farm products -which, F a r m Bureau Federation, who discussed through t h e application of organic chemis"Agricultural Policies and P r o b l e m s " from try, may he transformed into r a w matethe standpoint of a n organized agriculrials usable in industry, a n d t o develop a t u r e ; Irenee du P o n t , vice chairman of plan for promoting an increasing use of the board of E . I. d u P o n t de N e m o u r s & American farm products in American inCo., Inc., t h e subject of whose address was dustry. I t was the hope that, through " T h e Catalyst for Accomplishment," a n d this new alignment of agriculture, indusF r a n k Knox, publisher of t h e Chicago Daily try, and science, new approaches might be News, who warned t h e conference against m a d e to t h e long-present problem of nonpolitical dreamers a n d declared for a profood uses for agricultural products and the gram promising a more equitable division creation o f industrial demands t h a t might of wealth. He declared his belief t h a t this prevent t h e accumulation of crop surmust be predicated upon restoration of pluses, perhaps leading t o t h e production free markets for goods under w h a t most of new types o f crops which would renearly approaches competitive conditions. place products used almost exclusively for Mr. du P o n t c h a r a c t e r i z e d t h e profit food or feed. motive as the catalyst for accomplishment The opening session elected Francis P . and spoke extemporaneously o n some of Garvan a s president of t h e c o n f e r e n c e , the s u b j e c t s p r e s e n t e d b y p r e v i o u s a n d he spoke o n "Science P l e d g e s I t s INDEPENDENCE H A L L , D E A R BORN, M I C H . speakers. C o o p é r a t i o n . " Under the s e s s i o n ' s T h e morning of M a y 8th saw introduced c h a i r m a n , Wheeler McMillen of New t h e only controversial topic of the conference. Leo M. Christensen York, D. Howard D o a n e , president of the American Society of of the Chemical Foundation, Inc., presented "A Technical Analysis F a r m Manufacturers and an expert in farm m a n a g e m e n t , a d of Power Alcohol," in which he gave a matter-of-fact, clear statedressed t h e conference o n " T h e Farmer's Need for Industrial M a r k e t s , " and a paper b y Fred "\V. Sargent, president of t h e m e n t of what he believed t o be possible in t h e production of power alcohol. He presented figures t o show yields from various agriculChicago North western Railway C o . , on " T h e Nation's Prosperity Depends con t h e F a r m e r " followed. Carl B . Fritsche then p r e - t u r a l products, and stated t h a t , with cereals a t one cent a pound or w i t h tubers a t from $5 to $7 per ton, alcohol could be produced sented a 'Declaration of Dependence u p o n the Soil and of t h e Right of Self-Maintenance." Following a well-considered s t a t e - from 20 to 2 5 cents per gallon without allowance for t h e return m e n t concerning t h e problems of the d a y a n d their effect u p o n from by-products sales other than for protein feeds. Various raw materials would be found best in different p a r t s of the c o u n t r y and agriculture, emphasis was placed upon t h e possibilities t h r o u g h from artichokes h e predicted a price of 15 cents a gallon when the application of science, for " h e r e lies a new frontier to conquer production i s on a large scale. A t these prices a 10 per cent t h a t challenges the genius of science, t h e courage of p r i v a t e alcohol-gasoline blend could be marketed, he said, a t t h e same industry, and t h e productive capacity of agriculture." F o r over a generation with r a r e exceptions the gross income of the farmer price as premium fuels. H e discussed legislation a n d reported t h a t t h e S t a t e of Nebraska had just passed a l a w legalizing t h e has been almost identical with the total of direct factory p a y rolls. T h e restoration, of t h e farmer's income to a normal basis is r e - use of alcohol-gasoline blends with alcohol from 5 to 2 5 p e r cent garded a s essential i n returning t o the r a n k s of productive enter- b}' volume a n d t h e alcohol exempt from t h e 5-cent s t a t e motor fuel tax. This will mean t h a t a 10 per cent blend will be offered prise the unemployed of industry. Second, t h e termination of t h e depression, as in previous cases, depends upon extending a t a price one-half cent a gallon below other fuel. markets for world industries a n d creating new ones. T h e The next paper, "Alcohol-Gasoline Blends a s M o t o r F u e l " declaration concludes: b y George G r a n g e r Brown of t h e University of Michigan, w a s on behalf of the American Petroleum Industries C o m • We, therefore, as representatives of Agriculture, Industry, and presented and s e t forth certain technical and economic aspects of t h e Science in convention assembled, humbly realizing that we are b u t mittee, to i n d i c a t e t h e inefficiency of using alcohol i n gasoline. tenants arid transients on this earth, and appealing to t h e Supreme problem figures included calculations as to energy required a n d estiJudge of the world for t h e rectitude of our intentions, do, in t h e His m a t e s a s to net r e t u r n s t o farmers a n d increased cost t o t h e name, and by t h e authority of the fundamental philosophy of human consuming public. H e read a telegram from t h e president of experience, solemnly publish and declare "Man's Dependence upon t h e American Petroleum I n s t i t u t e offering t o join with t h e the Soil a n d Man's Unalienable Right of Self-Maintenance." And Chemical F o u n d a t i o n in sharing t h e costs of a n investigation for the support of this declaration, -with a firm reliance on t h e pro- into t h e technology and economics involved in t h e power alcohol tection a n d approval of Divine Providence, we mutually pledge t o to be m a d e by an a u t h o r i t a t i v e a n d impartial comeach other and t o our country, our talents a n d our devotion to the problem, mittee. T h e president of the conference, M r . G a r v a n , said t h a t high accomplishment of the purposes herein s e t forth. this proposal would be taken under advisement, a t t h e same I n the afternoon, following a luncheon a t which Messrs. H e n r y time expressing disappointment in t h e failure of the petroleum a n d Edsel Ford were hosts, with impressive ceremony b e n e a t h i n d u s t r y to share whole-heartedly in t h e cooperative spirit of t h e t h e tower of t h e replica of Independence Hall i n Greenfield conference. W. J . Hale presented a discussion in characteristic Village, m e m b e r s of the conference coming from over t h i r t y states style on "Organic Chemistry Points t h e W a y . " H e somewhat were invited to affix their signatures. startled the conference by declaring t h a t t h e production of foodThe afternoon session of May 7 was u n d e r the chairmanship of stuffs should no longer be the primary activity of t h e farm b u t Howard E . Co fun, chairman of t h e bo. rd of Southeastern C o t - should become secondary to agricultural products designed t o tons, I n c . He introduced Charles II. H e r t y , whose address o n serve a s r a w material for t h e chemical industries. Pie m a d e "Cellulose from Southern Pine" was a clear, forceful presentation numerous predictions involving low costs for t h e m a n u f a c t u r e of t h e work which h a s been done under his direction in t h e P a l p oi power alcohol a n d prophesied t h a t prosperity would return t o and P a p e r Laboratory a t Savannah. H i s points were clarified agriculture when ways could be found t o utilize some 200 million by the u s e of specimens of northern spruce a n d southern pine tons of farm products in the manufacturing industry. D . B . trees, illustrating t h e rapidity of growth i n t h e South, a n d b y Gurney, president of t h e House of Gurney, reported " W h a t W e m a n y samples of paper, some of which h a d been printed in t h e Are Actually Doing in the Central N o r t h w e s t , " in which he cited usual manner on newspaper presses. I t i s hoped t h a t definite t h e results of efforts to interest t h e c o m m u n i t y reached by his plans for the erection of t h e first paper mill in t h e South t o service stations a n d radio broadcasting i n t h e use of alcoholproduce white p a p e r from southern pine c a n be announced soon. gasoline blends.
I
227
INDUSTRIAL AND ENGINEERING
228
T h e afternoon session under Clifford V. Gregory, editor of t h e Prairie Farmer, presented B. F . Williamson, of Gainesville, Fla., who described t h e work in t h e South on t u n g oil, a n d Fred G . Johnson, of Hastings, Nebr., who spoke o n the "Jerusalem Artichoke." J . R . Keiple, vice president of t h e State Bank of Gridley, 111., discussed "Agriculture and the Country B a n k e r . " T h e following resolution was presented by Harper Sibley, newly elected president of t h e Chamber of Commerce of the U n i t e d States, a n d was seconded on behalf of agriculture by C. C. Cogs well, on behalf of i n d u s t r y by Clinton L. Bardo, president of t h e National Manufacturers Association, a n d on behalf of science b y
July 2.
CHEMISTRY W. H.
CAROTHERS
July 5.
T
T h e C h e m i s t r y of t h e Aliphatic Free Radicals FRANCIS 0. R I C E ,
Presiding
June 24 t o 28 T h e week's conferences will include a series of lectures a n d discussion on t h e preparation and properties of free aliphatic radicals; t h e mechanism of t h e r m a l decompositions from t h e free radical s t a n d p o i n t ; and t h e Haber-Willstatter chain m e c h a nism applied t o reaction in solution. Long-Chain Molecules T H O M A S MIDGLP:Y, J R . , Presiding
July 1 to 5 Jub^ 1. W. H . CAKOTHERS. Formation of Polymers by Definite Chemical Reactions; Rings and String Molecules.
C- PATRICK.
Synthetic
THOMAS MIDGLEY, J R .
Rubber.
Vitamins E . V. M C C O L L U M ,
Presiding
July 8 to 12 These conferences consist of lectures a n d discussion grouped around work i n progress o n vitamins. July July July July July
8. 9. 10. 11. 12.
E . "V. MCCOLLUM. Vitamin A. R. R. WILLIAMS. Vitamin B. C. G. KING. Vitamin C C E . BILLS. Vitamin D . I I . C. SHERMAN. Vitamin G.
F u r t h e r information may b e secured from ISTeil E . Gordon, Department of Chemistry, T h e Johns Hopkins "University, Balti more, M d .
Calendar of Meetings A m e r i c a n C h e m i c a l Society 90TH MEETING. 91ST MEETING.
S a n Francisco, Calif., August 1 9 to 2 3 , 1935. Kansas City, Mo., April 1 3 to 17, 1936.
9 2 N D MEETINTG.
P i t t s b u r g h , P a . , fall of 1936.
93RD M E E T I N G .
Chapel Hill, N. C., s p r i n g of 1937.
MIDWEST REGIONAL MEETING.
L o u i s v i l l e , K y . , October 3 1 to
November 2, 1935. S I X T H N A T I O N A L O R G A N I C C H E M I S T R Y SYTVIPOSXTJM.
Rochester,
N . Y., December 30,1935, t o J a n u a r y 1, 1936. TWELFTH
Research Conferences on Chemical Problems H E CHEMISTRY D E P A R T M E N T of T h e Johns Hopkins Univer sity will hold its Fifth Research Conference this summer a t Gibson Island near Baltimore. T h e conference will b e under t h e general direction of E . E m m e t Reid a n d will r u n three weeks— June 24 t o J u l y 12. T h e plan is flexible, varying from d a y t o day according t o t h e n a t u r e of t h e topic under discussion a n d t h e wishes of those participating. T h e day will begin with a more or less formal lecture, outlining some field of research a n d directing a t t e n t i o n to i t s unsolved problems. T h i s will be followed b y a discussion in which each one present t a k e s p a r t , making what contribution h e can t o t h e solution of t h e problems presented. T h e ideal is to h a v e a group sufficiently large to represent all points of view, yet small enough for all who wish t o take an active p a r t . T h e plan is t o have recognized leaders in each field of research give the lectures a n d start t h e discussions, b u t its success depends o n having a n u m b e r in t h e group who a r e capable of contributing ideas. T h e r e mainder of t h e day is left t o sports o r conversations. These conferences are intended t o combine mental stimula tion, pleasant personal contacts, a n d healthful recreation. T h e Gibson Island Club generously shares its facilities with scientists for this period. T h e club has a n excellent golf course, fine tennis courts, splendid swimming a n d beaches, w i t h ample dressing rooms a n d a commodious clubhouse. There is excellent fishing in t h e surrounding Chesapeake. Those attending t h e conferences may secure rooms i n t h e clubhouse, in adjacent cottages, o r m a y come from Baltimore for t h e day. Meals for all are served a t t h e clubhouse. T h e conferences will cover t h r e e fields of organic chemistry. The program given below is to be regarded as a t e n t a t i v e outline, t o be filled in or modified as may seem best:
AND J.
Rubber, Duprene, a n d Thiokol. July 3. E. O. KRAEMER. The Determination of Molecular Weights of Big Molecules. Ji^Iy 4. E. O. KRAEMER. Cellulose.
Roger Adams, President of the AMERICAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY'.
Be it resolved by this convention that the chairman be authorized to appoint from its membership a committee of fifteen, charged with full responsibility and authority to perfect the organization of a na tional council of representatives of agriculture, industry, and science. The purpose of this council shall not be to create a new society with nation-wide membership, but to become the coordinating Forum for American Agriculture, American Industry, and American Science in developing new industrial markets for farm products. The commendable hope is entertained that the activities growing out of this forum will : 1. Result in the gradual absorption of much of the domestic farm surplus by domestic industry. 2. P u t idle acres to work profitably. 3. Increase the purchasing power of the American farmer on a stable and more permanent basis, and, thereby 4. Increase the demand for manufactured products, thus 5. Creating new work for idle hands to do; reviving American industry, restoring American labor to productive enterprise; and relieving the economic distress of the Nation. T h e membership of t h e committee will b e duly announced, as well as future plans. N o conference so large as this one, g a t h ered under such auspices, and a t t e n d e d by so m a n y men of rec ognized prominence can fail to have some significance and, irre spective of their points of view on controversial topics, a l l c a n agree t h a t agriculture, industry, a n d science working closely in h a r m o n y and with sympathy, should go far in accomplishing t h e laudable objectives of this joint effort.
V O L . 13, N O . 10
C O L L O I D SYMPOSIUM.
Cornell
University,
Ithaca,
Ν . Υ., J u n e 20 t o 22, 1935. Local Sections AKRON. M a y 22, 1935. "Lubrication P r o b l e m s / ' by H . C. Mougey. OKLAHOMA P E T R O L E U M G R O U P .
Tulsa,
Okla., J u n e 8, 1935.
"Bari-Sol Process for Dewaxing P e t r o l e u m P r o d u c t s , " b y L . H. Oak, " N e w Problems of A u t o m o t i v e L u b r i c a n t s / ' by Β . Ε. Sibley, a n d "Decolorizing Lubricants b y M e a n s of Percolation through Fuller's E a r t h , " by K. W. Nichols. S T . LOUIS. S t . Louis University, School of Medicine, J u n e 3, 1935. Dinner, 6 : 30 p. M.; meeting, 7: 30 p. M . , "New Develop ments in t h e Application of Organic Intermediates t o the Industrial A r t s , " by G a s t o n Du Bois.
O t h e r Scientific Societies AMERICAN ASSOCIATION O F C E R E A L CHEMIISTS.
Denver, Colo.,
June 4 to 8, 1935. AMERICAN
LEATHER
CHEMISTS ASSOCIATION.
Skytop
Lodge,
Skytop, P a . , J u n e 12 to 14, 1935. AMERICAN
PHARMACEUTICAL
ASSOCIATION.
Portland,
Ore.,
week of August 5 , 1935. AMERICAN
PHYSICAL
SOCIETY.
University
of
Minnesota,
Minneapolis, Minn., J u n e 21 a n d 22, 1935. L o s Angeles, Calif., J u n e 26 t o 29, 1935. AMERICAN S O C I E T Y FOR T E S T I N G
MATERIALS.
Book-Cadillac
Hotel, Detroit, Mich., June 2 4 t o 2 8 , 1935. EDGAR F A H S S M I T H M E M O R I A L L E C T U R E .
H o u s t o n Hall, Uni
versity of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pa., M a y 23. 1935. "Electrochemistry's D e b t t o E d g a r F a h s Smith," b y Colin G. Fink. 8 : 1 5 P . M . ELECTROCHEMICAL SOCIETY, I N C . W i l l a r d Hotel, Washington, D . C , October 10 to 12, 1935. SPECIAL L I B R A R I E S ASSOCIATION. H o t e l S t a t l e r , Boston, Mass., June 11 to 14,1935. Twenty-seventh a n n u a l c o n v e n t i o n . Dissolved Oxygen in Boiler
D
Feed-water
ISSOLVED OXYGEN in boiler feedwater is t r i e subject of a 46-page pamphlet b y M . C. S c h w a r t z , Boiler Feedwater Fellow, Louisiana Steam Generating C o r p . , a t t h e Louisiana State University. Following a brief section o n t h e analytical determination of dissolved oxygen, t h e bulletin is devoted t o a comprehensive bibliography, with a b s t r a c t s a r r a n g e d chrono logically, going back through 1908, a n d with a n author index. A limited number of copies a r e available f o r distribution t o those interested, on application to t h e university.
